Difference between revisions of "How Collegiate Quizbowl Works"

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'''How Collegiate Quizbowl Works''': A Guide for New Players
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{{Intro}}
  
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=Introduction=
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'''How Collegiate Quizbowl Works''': A Guide for New Players and Teams
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This guide is designed as an introduction to quizbowl as it is played on the collegiate and levels.  If you are completely new to the game, you should look at the article on [[quizbowl]] to familiarize yourself with the game before returning to this guide.
 
  
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This guide will not define several of the terms it uses.  Please either click the hyperlink to the article on that term, or use the Quizbowl basics and Quizbowl lingo categories as a glossary.
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==Introduction==
 +
This article is designed as an introduction to [[quizbowl]] as it is played on the collegiate level.  If you are completely new to the game, you should look at the article on [[quizbowl]] to familiarize yourself with the game before returning to this guide. Note that people currently involved in quizbowl are usually more than happy to discuss the process of starting a quizbowl team and connect you to other quizbowl players in your region, so feel free to ask questions in the [http://www.hsquizbowl.org/forums/viewforum.php?f=45 quizbowl forum for new collegiate teams].  
  
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=A Few Basics=
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''This guide may not define all of the terms it uses'';  please either click the hyperlink to the article on that term, or use the '''[[:Category:Quizbowl basics|Quizbowl basics]]''' and [[:Category:Quizbowl lingo|Quizbowl lingo]] categories as a glossary if need arises.
 +
 
 +
==A Few Basics==
 
This section is devoted to the basics, or what you should know before you start playing quizbowl at the collegiate level.
 
This section is devoted to the basics, or what you should know before you start playing quizbowl at the collegiate level.
  
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==[[Quizbowl]]==
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===[[Quizbowl]]===
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Unlike whatever you may have played in high school, collegiate quizbowl involves two teams of up to four players competing in [[tossup/bonus format]]. Attempts are currently being made to post video of a match on YouTube.  Once a match has been posted, a link to that match will be available in this article. If you're completely new to quizbowl or the tossup/bonus format, you should go see that video to get an idea of what quizbowl looks like before reading the rest of this article.
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Collegiate quizbowl involves two teams of up to four players competing on questions in '''[[tossup/bonus format]]'''. All college tournaments use [[tossup]]s with multiple clues in descending order of difficulty, so teams that know more about the answer can buzz in first (i.e. the tossups are [[pyramidal]]). Links to several videos of [[2013 ACF Nationals]] are available [http://hsquizbowl.org/forums/viewtopic.php?f=9&t=14419 here], which may give you an idea of what quizbowl (at a ''very'' high level--these are extremely hard questions) looks like before you read the rest of this article.
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==[[the circuit|The Circuit]]==
 
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The first thing that you must recognize, as a new player, is the existence of the circuit. Broadly speaking, this consists of all collegiate clubs who regularly attend weekend quizbowl tournaments.  Look at the page on [[the circuit]] and find which area of the circuit you are in.  This will be the area in which the majority of the tournaments you attend will be held.
 
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==The Clubs==
 
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If you want to play quizbowl, you're most likely going to have to join a club.  A quizbowl club is responsible for organizing practices, running tournaments, and coordinating attendance at tournaments, as well as several administrative responsibilities.  Head over to the [http://www.collegequizbowl.org/Maize/directory.html Maize Pages] and see if your school has a club already in existence.  If it is there, you should try to contact the player(s)/coach(es) listed under "Team Contact(s)"
 
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If you don't see your school in the Maize Pages Directory, or you fail to get a response from the Team Contact, or the club has been affected by [[trash capture]], you should look at the (soon-to-be-created) article [[How to start a collegiate quizbowl club]].
 
  
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==Communication==
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===[[The circuit|The Circuit]]===
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Almost all communication is currently done via the Internet.  The primary place for national discussion of quizbowl is the [http://www.hsquizbowl.org/forums hsquizbowl.org forums].  In addition, players from around the country frequent the [[quizbowl IRC channel]].  Most clubs and some areas of the circuit also have their own e-mail mailing lists.
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The circuit, broadly speaking, consists of all collegiate clubs who regularly attend weekend quizbowl tournaments. Your team will largely attend tournaments within a few hours' radius of your campus, since local circuits usually organize by geographic region.
  
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Your best source of information will be the [[hsquizbowl.org forums]], in particular the Collegiate Announcements and Results and Collegiate Discussion sub-forums.  You should try to make sure that someone in your club is checking these areas on at least a weekly basis, so that your club is up-to-date on the latest happenings on the circuit.  If you have a question about any aspect of collegiate quizbowl after reading this guide, you are encouraged to register for the forums and post your question in the Collegiate Discussion section, but please read the forum rules before posting.
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===[[Team|The Clubs]]===
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If you want to play quizbowl, you're most likely going to have to join a '''club''' (or '''team''') at your college or university.  A quizbowl club is responsible for organizing practices, running tournaments, and coordinating attendance at tournaments, as well as managing the funds, at the school in question.  
  
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See NAQT's [https://www.naqt.com/HowTo/start-a-college-team.html guide to starting a college quizbowl club] or the (soon-to-be-created) article on [[How to start a collegiate quizbowl club]].
  
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===Communication===
 +
Almost all quizbowl communication is currently done via the Internet.  The primary place for national discussion of quizbowl is on the '''[http://hsquizbowl.org/forums/ forums]''', which is also the site for almost all tournament announcements. Registering for tournaments usually is as simple as sending an email. In addition, players from around the country frequent the [[quizbowl IRC channel]].  Most clubs and some areas of the circuit also create their own e-mail mailing lists for sending messages about upcoming tournaments and the like.
  
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=The Formats=
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Your best source of information on the [[hsquizbowl.org forums]] will be the Collegiate Announcements and Results and Collegiate Discussion sub-forums. (There is also a section for New Collegiate Teams specifically to get advice about their areas.) You should try to make sure that someone in your club is checking the forums on at least a weekly basis, so that your club is up-to-date on the latest happenings on the circuit.
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There are four major formats played in collegiate quizbowl: ACF, NAQT, mACF, and trash.
 
  
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==[[ACF]]==
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'''If you have a question about any aspect of collegiate quizbowl after reading this guide, you are encouraged to register for the forums and post your question in the Collegiate Discussion section''', but please read the forum rules before posting.
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'''ACF''', or the Academic Competition Federation, is a loosely centralized organization that provides high-quality academic tournaments. It is played on untimed packets of 20 tosssups and 20 bonuses.  Starting in 2009, ACF produces four sets each year:
 
  
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[[ACF Fall]] is a novice-difficulty tournament, and typically runs on the first or second weekend in November.<br>
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==Question Sets==
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[[ACF Winter]] is an intermediate-difficulty tournament, and typically takes place around Martin Luther King Jr. weekend in January.<br>
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The questions used in collegiate quizbowl may come from [[ACF]], from [[NAQT]], or be written independently. All of them are [[pyramidal]]-style questions, but they do vary in terms of their difficulty and distribution.  
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[[ACF Regionals]] is a regular-difficulty tournament, and typically takes place in February.  With the addition of ACF Winter to ACF's official tournament schedule, ACF Regionals will take place later than it has in past years.<br>
 
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[[ACF Nationals]] is a national-difficulty tournament, and typically takes place in April.  With NAQT ICT, it is considered one of the two major national championships.
 
  
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The first thing that you need to know about ACF is that it is NOT IMPOSSIBLE, despite what some people in your club might think.
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===[[ACF]]===
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'''ACF''', or the Academic Competition Federation, is a loosely centralized organization that provides four high-quality academic tournaments each year. Games of ACF quizbowl are played on packets of 20 tosssups and 20 bonuses, un[[timed]]. The four sets provided by ACF are:
  
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==[[NAQT]]==
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*[[ACF Fall]], a novice-difficulty tournament, which typically runs on the first or second weekend in November. This tournament is strongly recommended for newer teams.
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'''NAQT''', or National Academic Quiz Tournaments, is an incorporated organization that provides questions for high school and collegiate play as well as various quizbowl television shows. NAQT is played in two nine-minute halves on up to 26 tossups and 26 bonuses.  NAQT produces two sets each year:
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* [[ACF Winter]], a medium-difficulty tournament, which typically is run in November. This tournament is designed to be accessible and engaging for teams of all strengths.
 +
*[[ACF Regionals]], a [[regular-difficulty]] tournament, which typically takes place in February.
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*[[ACF Nationals]], is a difficult tournament, which typically takes place in April at only one site for the entire country.  With NAQT's ICT (see below), it is one of the two national championships for college quizbowl teams.
  
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[[Sectionals|NAQT Sectional Championship Tournament]] is a regular-difficulty tournament, and typically runs on the second weekend in February.
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ACF is known for its commitment to quality, which includes limited [[trash]] (pop culture), and a focus on more [[academic]] topics. All ACF tournaments are [[packet-submission]], which means that each team competing at an upcoming ACF event must submit a full packet of questions to the central editing team before they play (with some exceptions allowing newer players to opt out). Those packets are then centrally edited for factual accuracy, quality, and difficulty consistency by a team of central [[editor]]s, who may also merge, pare down, or cut some packets to get a good set. When a team attends an ACF tournament, therefore, they play on packets written by other teams just like theirs. The schedule gives out "bye" rounds or skips over packets written by attending teams as needed, so no team gets an unfair advantage by playing on its own packet.  
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[[ICT|NAQT Intercollegiate Championship Tournament]] is a national-difficulty tournament, and typically takes place on the first or second weekend in April.  With ACF Nationals, it is considered one of the two major national championships.
 
  
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Notable quirks of the NAQT format include [[powers]] and a higher emphasis on current events, geography, and popular culture. NAQT also includes a separate "Division II" for novice players at both of its collegiate tournaments.
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====[[Collegiate Novice]]====
 +
There are sometimes special novice-only tournaments designed for new teams. Consult the forums to see if those are happening this year as well as [https://www.naqt.com/schedule.jsp?coll=yes NAQT's collegiate schedule].  
  
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==[[mACF]]==
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===[[NAQT]]===
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'''mACF''' is a derivative of ACF (the "m" stands for "modified") format, and is the main format for most unaffiliated invitational tournaments.  Most clubs have a "flagship" mACF tournament, for instance [[TIT]] at Maryland, [[Michigan MLK]] at Michigan, and [[Cardinal Classic]] at Stanford.
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'''NAQT''', or National Academic Quiz Tournaments, is an incorporated organization that provides questions for high school and collegiate play as well as various quizbowl television shows. NAQT tournaments are played [[timed]], in two ten-minute halves which can feature up to 24 tossups and 24 bonuses altogether. NAQT produces two collegiate sets each year:
  
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mACF rules are almost identical to ACF rules.  Before the ACF rules were modified in 2008, the major difference between ACF and mACF was that in most mACF tournaments, the answer to each bonus part was read after the bonus part was answered, while in official ACF tournaments, the answer to each bonus part was read only after the entire bonus had been completed.  Now that ACF has revised its rules, the main difference between mACF rules and ACF rules are the eligibility requirements, in that official ACF tournaments have specific eligibility restrictions while mACF tournaments have host-specific eligibility restrictions.
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*[[Sectionals|Sectional Championship Tournament]] (SCT) is a regular-difficulty tournament, and typically runs on the second weekend in February.
 +
*[[ICT|Intercollegiate Championship Tournament]] (ICT) is a national-difficulty tournament, and typically takes place in late March or early April. Teams must qualify for the ICT by performing well at their region's Sectional; SCT performances are converted into a number called the [[D-value]] which determines the invited teams.  ICT and ACF Nationals (see above) are the two national championships.
  
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==[[Trash]]==
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Each of NAQT's college tournaments features Division I, in which any university students from the same school may play on the team, and a restricted Division II, which uses easier questions and restricts eligibility to newer or less-experienced players. Division II SCT is also highly recommended for newer teams.  
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Trash consists of questions entirely dealing with popular culture.  Currently, trash tournaments are often played in conjunction with an affiliated academic tournament on the Sunday after the Saturday tournament.  Notable trash tournaments include [[Ann B. Davis]], typically played the day after Michigan MLK, and the variously-named Chicago Open Trash Tournament, which occurs the day after [[Chicago Open]].
 
  
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Trash should not be confused with [[TRASH]], an organization the produces two sets of trash questions each year:
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Notable quirks of the NAQT format include a higher emphasis on [[current events]], [[geography]], and popular culture. NAQT's questions are typically shorter than ACF's and include [[power]]s.
  
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[[TRASH Regionals]] is a regular-difficulty tournament, typically held in November.<br>
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=== Other/independent question sets ===
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[[TRASHionals]] is a national-difficulty tournament, typically held in April.
 
  
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=The Tournaments=
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Many invitational tournaments exist during the year which are not run by either NAQT or ACF. Most of these tournaments are written/edited by one or two college teams that work together to produce questions or solicit questions from playing teams in the [[packet-submission]] model (described above in the ACF section). Almost all independent tournaments imitate ACF's style of question writing and distribution of [[subjects]] within packets, though some may make modifications such as the addition of [[powers]] to tossup questions. (This used to be called "modified ACF," or "[[mACF]].") Independent tournaments may set their own eligibility restrictions, either on a national basis or a host-by-host basis.
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With the exception of Thanksgiving weekend, winter break, and the summer, there is some tournament happening somewhere almost every Saturday.  
 
  
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The following is a non-exhaustive list of tournaments that have a venerable tradition of being high-quality events and continue to attract many quizbowl luminaries as writers, editors, and players. In other words, if your club has a budget of [[infinity dollars]], these are the tournaments you should definitely attempt to attend at least once in your quizbowl career. While some of these tournaments are only held at one location, most of them will have [[mirror|mirrors]] in your area of the circuit if you are not within reasonable driving distance of the tournament.  Still, for some of these tournaments the main attraction is the field itself, and you should attempt to make the original tournament if possible.
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Because talented/interested question writers and [[editor]]s cycle in and out of the college quizbowl game with time, the exact schedule of independent events changes somewhat from year to year. Many long-surviving independent tournaments include [[Penn Bowl]], organized by [[Penn]], the [[Minnesota Undergraduate Tournament]] organized by students and alumni of the University of [[Minnesota]], and the [[Terrapin Invitational Tournament]], "organized" by the University of [[Maryland]].
  
 +
==Tournaments==
  
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==Fall==
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Quizbowl questions are written for use at [[:Category:Tournaments|tournaments]] throughout the year, at which an individual host (usually a school quizbowl club using university building space) invites all the other teams in the area to come play a large number of games of quizbowl across the morning, afternoon, and early evening. Tournaments will charge an entry fee for each attending team (usually between $80 and $120 for events in the US), and usually offer discounts to teams that bring along necessaries such as a [[buzzer]] or a [[scorekeeper]]. Each school may bring multiple separate teams to a single tournament, which are usually labeled as the "A-Team," "B-Team," "C-Team," etc. in descending order of predicted skill. Most good tournaments attempt to offer attending teams nine to twelve games against a variety of area schools, using a set consisting of fourteen to eighteen separate packets of questions.
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The fall season lasts roughly from September to the beginning of winter break in December.
 
  
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===[[EFT]]===
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===During the School Year===
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The Early Fall Tournament (EFT) typically takes place on the last weekend of September or first weekend in October.  It is written by members of the [[Brown]] team, and has been praised for its high degree of accessibility for novices.  EFT and its many [[mirror|mirrors]] are typically viewed as the kickoff to a new season of quizbowl.
 
  
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===[[ACF Fall]]===
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With the exception of Thanksgiving weekend, winter break, and the summer, there is some tournament happening somewhere on almost every Saturday of the academic year. The quizbowl year is roughly divided between a fall semester from late September to early December, in which [[Collegiate Novice]], [[ACF Fall]], and several other invitationals happen, and a spring semester from late January through April, in which the NAQT [[SCT]], [[ACF Regionals]], and both national tournaments ([[ICT]] and [[ACF Nationals]]) all happen, with further invitationals filling out the calendar in the spring as well. Check the [[hsquizbowl.org forums]] or your area of the circuit's mailing list to become informed of all tournaments happening in your area.
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ACF Fall is the most accessible tournament of the year, continuing to attract many new teams every year.  It typically takes place in early November at many regional sites.
 
  
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===[[Illinois Open]]===
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===Summer===
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Illinois Open takes place in the fall season at [[Illinois]], and is the first major "weekend of quizbowl".  While being a high-quality tournament in and of itself, it also typically attracts several side events to entertain the field of top players that gathers here.  Illinois Open's target difficulty is usually somewhere slightly above regular difficulty.
 
  
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==Winter==
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Many people love quizbowl so much that they even want to play during the summer! From the time schools let out in mid-May through August, each summer usually features a few informally-organized quizbowl events that players can attend. Because school teams are usually disbanded for the year and might not be able to reunite for geographical reasons, summer tournaments are basically always [[open]] (any player from any school, and people from no school at all, may unite with any other player on a team with no eligibility restrictions). Recurring summer events of recent vintage have included [[VCU Open]].
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The winter season lasts from roughly January until March.
 
  
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===[[Michigan MLK]]===
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====[[Chicago Open]]====
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Michigan MLK typically takes place over Martin Luther King Jr. weekend at [[Michigan]].  In the future it may be replaced by ACF Winter.  Its target difficulty is generally regular-difficulty or slightly above.
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The "crown jewel" of independent quizbowl events, and almost always the most difficult event of the year, Chicago Open attracts players from all over the nation to a "nationals-plus"-difficulty event, and many [[side tournaments]] are organized to keep everyone awake playing lots of quizbowl for two to three days.
  
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===[[Terrapin Invitational Tournament]]===
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==Practicing==
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One of the oldest continually running tournaments, TIT takes place in either winter or fall at [[Maryland]]. Its target difficulty varies, but is typically around regular-difficulty.
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Most clubs spend between three and six hours a week at [[practice]], dividing club members into arbitrary teams and playing packets from old tournament sets. Regularly-scheduled practices, using academic questions like the ones at upcoming tournaments, are a vital ingredient for the continued survival of any college quizbowl team. Currently, there are thousands and thousands of packets from old question sets available online for free (though NAQT sets are still only legally available by direct purchase). See below for packet repositories.
  
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===[[Penn Bowl]]===
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==Attending Tournaments==
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Once thought of as the "third national championship", Penn Bowl is now only a standard regional mACF tournament, but though its prestige has decreased, it's still a must-attend for any team within driving distance of [[Penn]].
 
  
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===[[Cardinal Classic]]===
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===Eligibility===
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Cardinal Classic typically takes place at the end of January or beginning of February at [[Stanford]], and is the major [[open]] tournament on the West Coast.  In 2008, due to the presence of nearly every major championship contender as well as several other top players, it was considered a potential "nationals preview", and may continue to serve that purpose in the future. Its target difficulty is similar to Illinois Open and Michigan MLK.
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It is important to determine whether teams and players are eligible for a given tournament before they attend. Most tournaments require all teams to be representing only one school (i.e. you can't mix players from different schools to play on one team); this includes all [[ACF]] and [[NAQT]] events as well as any event that specifically advertises itself as "[[closed]]". The overwhelming majority of teams playing at any given college tournament are teams from a single school.  
  
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===[[Sectionals|NAQT SCT]]===
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Occasionally some tournaments, including most non-Nationals tournaments that are above [[regular difficulty]] and events in regions such as the Pacific Northwest with few active teams, are "[[open]] tournaments", allowing non-students and mixed-school teams to participate in any configuration.  
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NAQT SCT typically takes place the second weekend in February at one of several sectional sites.  It usually attracts the largest audience of any regional quizbowl tournament.
 
  
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===[[ACF Regionals]]===
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Though most easier-than-[[regular difficulty|regular]] tournaments, such as ACF Fall, do not specifically restrict experienced or good players, an informal [[gentleman's agreement]] precludes especially strong players or teams from bringing their full strength.
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ACF Regionals typically takes place a week or two after NAQT SCT at several regional sites.  ACF Regionals is considered the standard-bearer for regular-difficulty tournaments, in other words, the difficulty of ACF Regionals determines the "regular" or "standard" difficulty until the next ACF Regionals.
 
  
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==Spring==
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Some particularly-enterprising high school teams play in some local college tournaments in their area on top of high school tournaments, either for extra challenge or because there is a lack of opportunity for high school competition in their area. Most college hosts permit this, though some areas and state associations (such as Illinois) may have more specific rules.
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The spring season consists of April and the beginning of May. It is dominated by the two major national tournaments.
 
  
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===[[ICT|NAQT ICT]]===
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===Funding===
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Both of the major national tournaments take place in April.  Starting in 2008, NAQT ICT is the first of these national tournaments, and is played over two days (Friday night and Saturday).
 
  
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===[[ACF Nationals]]===
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Because tournaments cost money, paying for them is an important aspect of college quizbowl life.
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ACF Nationals has a deserved reputation as being the hardest national tournament, though in recent years the difficulty has been toned down to around that of NAQT ICT or slightly easier.  It is played over a single day, though in the future it may be played over two days (Saturday and Sunday morning).
 
  
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==Summer==
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*Many teams can get club funding through their school's student organizations office or similar funding opportunities. Check with your own student activities organization and ask around for various potential funds.
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The summer season lasts from roughly mid-May to August.
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*Host your own tournament - either a college tournament like the ones your team attends - or a high school tournament, reserving rooms in which to host the event and charging entrants a fee which you can then use to pay for other tournaments and travel costs throughout the year. This is a great way to fund a team, but does require some preparation to work well.
 +
*If necessary, pay some or all of the costs out of pocket.
 +
*Many college teams get a team bank account which they can keep their funds in and hand down as team [[Captain|captains]], treasurers, etc. graduate.
  
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===[[Chicago Open]]===
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===Physical Travel - Getting To (and From) Tournaments===
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The crown jewel of [[mACF]] events and the pinnacle of the "weekend of quizbowl" concept, Chicago Open attracts players from all over the nation to its regular-to-national-difficulty mACF event, as well as a Sunday trash tournament and several subject tournaments.
 
  
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==Other Tournaments==
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The most important thing any collegiate quizbowl player can learn for the game is ''how to drive''. Quizbowl tournaments are held at many campuses throughout the year, and the most efficient way to get to them is by car. Bringing a car to campus, or getting familiar with a rental service such as Avis [www.avis.com] or Zipcar [www.zipcar.com], is critical. Occasionally, campuses will have their own vehicles for rent; [[Dartmouth]] can notably obtain a large van for off-campus travel. Road trips may be long; for drives over four or five hours, it may be advisable to stay over in a hotel near the tournament rather than make a single-day trip. This is, however, a great opportunity for team bonding and exciting [http://www.hsquizbowl.org/forums/viewtopic.php?f=63&t=17279 travel stories].
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This is a list of other notable tournaments which are either new in 2009 or do not have the same high-quality reputation, but if you have the budget you should try to make it to these tournaments as well at least once in your quizbowl career.
 
  
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===[[This Tournament Goes To 11]]===
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Many clubs with a campus reasonably close to others with also take note of public transportation options such as bus, ferry, or train, and sometimes use public transportation options that might help you get to where you need to go. When using public transportation, it's always important to watch the time tables carefully to find a cost-effective travel plan which leaves lots of wiggle room in the event of delays or tournaments that run past their intended end time. [www.megabus.com Megabus], [www.boltbus.com Bolt Bus], and other low-cost bus services are an increasingly-popular, if somewhat scrappy, service for traveling quizbowl teams if they're going to and from major urban centers. A car is still often necessary to get to more remote campuses or campuses outside a major city.
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TTGT11 is a unique [[hybrid]] tournament run by the University of Iowa and mirrored in various places across the country. Each round consists of teams facing off on two themed packets, with the winner of each match getting a point and additional points being gained based on the score of each match.
 
  
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===[[Minnesota Open]]/[[Harvard Invitational]]===
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Many teams are far enough from the location of national championships that it makes sense to buy airplane tickets and fly to those tournaments.  
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Both of these tournaments are new entries in the [[open]] tournament category, and have several side events planned, similar to the Illinois and Chicago Opens.  Both of these look highly promising for 2009.
 
  
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===[[ACF Winter]]===
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===Writing Packets===
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A new entry in the ACF schedule, ACF Winter should nevertheless be the same high-quality tournament as the other three ACF events.
 
  
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===[[TRASH Regionals]] and [[TRASHionals]]===
+
Some tournaments throughout the year will be [[packet-submission]], requiring attendees to write a packet of questions to attend. Discounts to the entry fee are typically given for questions submitted eight weeks and six weeks before the tournament, and additional penalty fees added for questions submitted less than four weeks before the tournament.  New teams may operate on different schedules and are always encouraged to submit a packet regardless of whether one is necessary.
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TRASHionals is the only national tournament for trash, and TRASH Regionals is its qualifying tournament.  Many players who have retired from academic competition still come out to these tournaments.
 
  
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===Anything from [[Charlie Steinhice]]===
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For more information on writing questions, please see [[Jerry Vinokurov]]'s excellent treatise on [[How to Write Questions]]. It's also essential to consult the official ACF on distributing, writing, and style-formatting your packet; other tournament hosts are likely to have the same standards [https://acf-quizbowl.com/packet-submission-guidelines/].
−
Objectively speaking, these tournaments are known much more for their atmosphere than for the competition.  You can attend one of the many tournaments at [[UTC]] if you want to share in the fun.
 
  
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==Other Tournaments, Part 2==
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If one school is sending multiple teams of different people to the same tournament (e.g. the University of Chicago sends a "Chicago A" team of Seth and Selene, and a "Chicago B" team of Michael and David), it is '''essential''' that those separate teams share ''no information'' with each other about the contents of their submitted packets (neither Seth nor Selene may say anything to Michael or David - or any other competing team - about their packet, or vice versa). Obtaining information about another team's packet and failing to report the mistake constitutes [[cheating]].
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In addition to the tournaments on this list, there are always other tournaments being run in all areas of the country.  Check the hsquizbowl.org forums or your area of the circuit's mailing list to become informed of all tournaments happening in your area.
 
  
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=Attending Tournaments=
+
===Schedule at a Tournament===
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==Eligibility Restrictions==
 
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If a tournament is not labeled "open", then it has eligibility restrictions.  Here are some of the more notable eligibility restrictions:
 
  
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For both TRASHionals and NAQT ICT, teams must originally have qualified via either hosting or performing sufficiently well at the regional tournament (TRASH Regionals and NAQT SCT, respectively), and receive and accept a bid to the tournament.  There is no longer any such restriction for ACF Nationals.
+
The typical college tournament takes place on a Saturday; very occasionally, if the existence of a conflicting high school tournament or other major obstacle prevents hosting on a Saturday, there may be a tournament held on Sunday. Registration usually goes until some time between 8:45 and 9:30 AM, when the [[tournament director]] hosts an opening meeting and sends teams off to their Round 1 rooms. The tournament usually goes for four to six rounds, pauses for a lunch break, and continues until its conclusion in the early evening.
  
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For all official ACF and NAQT events, all team members must be enrolled at the same school.  There are minor differences between ACF and NAQT on what constitutes "enrolled".
+
Teams are arranged into a predetermined schedule of rounds, in which [[bracket]]s of teams play a [[round-robin]] within their bracket. Each bracket contains teams of many skill levels. The strongest teams in the field may then be split off into a top bracket for more playoff rounds as the rest of the field plays consolation games against teams of a similar skill level to themselves.  Many tournaments end in a finals match, whose entrants either have a tied record or a record separated by one loss (i.e. one team had 11 wins and 0 losses over the day, and the other went 10-1). See [[finals]] for more information on the usual quizbowl procedure for finals matches.
  
−
For NAQT events, a player may not participate in Division II if he or she has either (1) earned a bachelor's degree or equivalent, (2) played on a team that qualified for ICT in either division, (3) played on a team at ICT in either division, or (4) played at more than one sectional tournament in Division I.
+
The ideal round of quizbowl takes about 25 minutes on the [[clock]] (factoring in pauses, halftime, etc. to a 20-minute game) and 25 to 30 minutes for an untimed game, depending on the skill level of teams involved. Given this ideal length and a lunch break of about an hour, it is entirely possible for a well-run tournament to finish ten rounds by 4 PM; however, travel delays, time spent walking to new rooms between games, possible slow moderators, and other miscellaneous issues such as [[protest]]s should lead teams planning travel to assume that tournaments will end much later - usually between 6 and 7 PM for the average regional event.
  
−
For ACF Fall and other novice events, the [[gentlemen's agreement]] style of eligibility rules is in effect, in which players decide for themselves whether the tournament is right for them based on question difficulty and projected field strength.
+
See [https://acf-quizbowl.com/formats/ this page on the ACF website] for short descriptions of suggested schedules for use at tournaments of varying sizes.
  
−
==Question Sources==
+
==External Links==
−
===Centralized Company===
 
−
Both NAQT and TRASH provide questions for use at their tournaments.
 
−
 
 
−
===House Written===
 
−
Several tournaments feature questions entirely written by one or multiple hosting teams.  The most prominent of these tournaments is EFT.
 
−
 
 
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===[[packet submission|Packet Submission]]===
 
−
For most tournaments, you will need to write a packet of questions.  Discounts to the entry fee are typically given for questions submitted eight weeks and six weeks before the tournament, and additional penalty fees added for questions submitted less than four weeks before the tournament.  New teams may operate on different schedules and are always encouraged to submit a packet regardless of whether one is necessary.
 
−
 
 
−
For more information on writing questions, please see the excellent treatise on [[How to Write Questions]].
 
−
 
 
−
==Tournament Formats==
 
−
Almost all collegiate tournaments use a round-robin or bracketed-round-robin setup, with either an ACF-format final or NAQT-format final if sufficient packets and time are available.  This means that you will almost certainly play teams at your knowledge level, while also typically playing teams both above and below that level.
 
−
 
 
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=Practicing=
 
−
Most clubs spend between three and six hours a week practicing quizbowl by dividing club members into arbitrary teams and playing old tournament packets.  Currently, a movement is in place to store every tournament online for free.  Two main depositories of free practice questions are the [http://quizbowl.stanford.edu/archive Stanford Packet Archive] and the [http://collegiate.quizbowlpackets.com/ Collegiate Packet Archive].
 
−
 
 
−
=External Links=
 
 
For more information about the college game, you are encouraged to visit the following websites:
 
For more information about the college game, you are encouraged to visit the following websites:
  
−
==Formats==
+
===Organizations===
−
[http://www.acf-quizbowl.com ACF]<br>
+
*[http://www.acf-quizbowl.com ACF]<br>
−
[http://www.naqt.com NAQT]
+
*[http://www.naqt.com NAQT]
  
−
==Packet Archives==
+
===Packet Archives===
−
[http://quizbowl.stanford.edu/archive Stanford Packet Archive]<br>
+
*[http://collegiate.quizbowlpackets.com Collegiate Packet Archive]
−
[http://collegiate.quizbowlpackets.com Collegiate Packet Archive]<br>
+
*[http://quizbowl.stanford.edu/archive Stanford Packet Archive] (highly out of date)
−
[http://www.grapesmoker.com/qbdb/ QBDB]<br>
 
−
[http://www.carloangiuli.com/acfdb/ ACFDB (tossups only)]
 
  
−
==Communication==
+
===Communication===
 
[http://www.hsquizbowl.org/forums hsquizbowl.org forums]<br>
 
[http://www.hsquizbowl.org/forums hsquizbowl.org forums]<br>
−
[http://groups.yahoo.com/group/quizbowl Yahoo! Quizbowl Group (now largely defunct)]
+
 
 +
Enjoy quizbowl!
  
 
[[Category: Quizbowl basics]] [[Category: How-to]]
 
[[Category: Quizbowl basics]] [[Category: How-to]]
 
[[Category:Original QBWiki Page]]
 
[[Category:Original QBWiki Page]]

Latest revision as of 11:55, 26 October 2021

How Collegiate Quizbowl Works: A Guide for New Players and Teams

Introduction

This article is designed as an introduction to quizbowl as it is played on the collegiate level. If you are completely new to the game, you should look at the article on quizbowl to familiarize yourself with the game before returning to this guide. Note that people currently involved in quizbowl are usually more than happy to discuss the process of starting a quizbowl team and connect you to other quizbowl players in your region, so feel free to ask questions in the quizbowl forum for new collegiate teams.

This guide may not define all of the terms it uses; please either click the hyperlink to the article on that term, or use the Quizbowl basics and Quizbowl lingo categories as a glossary if need arises.

A Few Basics

This section is devoted to the basics, or what you should know before you start playing quizbowl at the collegiate level.

Quizbowl

Collegiate quizbowl involves two teams of up to four players competing on questions in tossup/bonus format. All college tournaments use tossups with multiple clues in descending order of difficulty, so teams that know more about the answer can buzz in first (i.e. the tossups are pyramidal). Links to several videos of 2013 ACF Nationals are available here, which may give you an idea of what quizbowl (at a very high level--these are extremely hard questions) looks like before you read the rest of this article.

The Circuit

The circuit, broadly speaking, consists of all collegiate clubs who regularly attend weekend quizbowl tournaments. Your team will largely attend tournaments within a few hours' radius of your campus, since local circuits usually organize by geographic region.

The Clubs

If you want to play quizbowl, you're most likely going to have to join a club (or team) at your college or university. A quizbowl club is responsible for organizing practices, running tournaments, and coordinating attendance at tournaments, as well as managing the funds, at the school in question.

See NAQT's guide to starting a college quizbowl club or the (soon-to-be-created) article on How to start a collegiate quizbowl club.

Communication

Almost all quizbowl communication is currently done via the Internet. The primary place for national discussion of quizbowl is on the forums, which is also the site for almost all tournament announcements. Registering for tournaments usually is as simple as sending an email. In addition, players from around the country frequent the quizbowl IRC channel. Most clubs and some areas of the circuit also create their own e-mail mailing lists for sending messages about upcoming tournaments and the like.

Your best source of information on the hsquizbowl.org forums will be the Collegiate Announcements and Results and Collegiate Discussion sub-forums. (There is also a section for New Collegiate Teams specifically to get advice about their areas.) You should try to make sure that someone in your club is checking the forums on at least a weekly basis, so that your club is up-to-date on the latest happenings on the circuit.

If you have a question about any aspect of collegiate quizbowl after reading this guide, you are encouraged to register for the forums and post your question in the Collegiate Discussion section, but please read the forum rules before posting.

Question Sets

The questions used in collegiate quizbowl may come from ACF, from NAQT, or be written independently. All of them are pyramidal-style questions, but they do vary in terms of their difficulty and distribution.

ACF

ACF, or the Academic Competition Federation, is a loosely centralized organization that provides four high-quality academic tournaments each year. Games of ACF quizbowl are played on packets of 20 tosssups and 20 bonuses, untimed. The four sets provided by ACF are:

  • ACF Fall, a novice-difficulty tournament, which typically runs on the first or second weekend in November. This tournament is strongly recommended for newer teams.
  • ACF Winter, a medium-difficulty tournament, which typically is run in November. This tournament is designed to be accessible and engaging for teams of all strengths.
  • ACF Regionals, a regular-difficulty tournament, which typically takes place in February.
  • ACF Nationals, is a difficult tournament, which typically takes place in April at only one site for the entire country. With NAQT's ICT (see below), it is one of the two national championships for college quizbowl teams.

ACF is known for its commitment to quality, which includes limited trash (pop culture), and a focus on more academic topics. All ACF tournaments are packet-submission, which means that each team competing at an upcoming ACF event must submit a full packet of questions to the central editing team before they play (with some exceptions allowing newer players to opt out). Those packets are then centrally edited for factual accuracy, quality, and difficulty consistency by a team of central editors, who may also merge, pare down, or cut some packets to get a good set. When a team attends an ACF tournament, therefore, they play on packets written by other teams just like theirs. The schedule gives out "bye" rounds or skips over packets written by attending teams as needed, so no team gets an unfair advantage by playing on its own packet.

Collegiate Novice

There are sometimes special novice-only tournaments designed for new teams. Consult the forums to see if those are happening this year as well as NAQT's collegiate schedule.

NAQT

NAQT, or National Academic Quiz Tournaments, is an incorporated organization that provides questions for high school and collegiate play as well as various quizbowl television shows. NAQT tournaments are played timed, in two ten-minute halves which can feature up to 24 tossups and 24 bonuses altogether. NAQT produces two collegiate sets each year:

  • Sectional Championship Tournament (SCT) is a regular-difficulty tournament, and typically runs on the second weekend in February.
  • Intercollegiate Championship Tournament (ICT) is a national-difficulty tournament, and typically takes place in late March or early April. Teams must qualify for the ICT by performing well at their region's Sectional; SCT performances are converted into a number called the D-value which determines the invited teams. ICT and ACF Nationals (see above) are the two national championships.

Each of NAQT's college tournaments features Division I, in which any university students from the same school may play on the team, and a restricted Division II, which uses easier questions and restricts eligibility to newer or less-experienced players. Division II SCT is also highly recommended for newer teams.

Notable quirks of the NAQT format include a higher emphasis on current events, geography, and popular culture. NAQT's questions are typically shorter than ACF's and include powers.

Other/independent question sets

Many invitational tournaments exist during the year which are not run by either NAQT or ACF. Most of these tournaments are written/edited by one or two college teams that work together to produce questions or solicit questions from playing teams in the packet-submission model (described above in the ACF section). Almost all independent tournaments imitate ACF's style of question writing and distribution of subjects within packets, though some may make modifications such as the addition of powers to tossup questions. (This used to be called "modified ACF," or "mACF.") Independent tournaments may set their own eligibility restrictions, either on a national basis or a host-by-host basis.

Because talented/interested question writers and editors cycle in and out of the college quizbowl game with time, the exact schedule of independent events changes somewhat from year to year. Many long-surviving independent tournaments include Penn Bowl, organized by Penn, the Minnesota Undergraduate Tournament organized by students and alumni of the University of Minnesota, and the Terrapin Invitational Tournament, "organized" by the University of Maryland.

Tournaments

Quizbowl questions are written for use at tournaments throughout the year, at which an individual host (usually a school quizbowl club using university building space) invites all the other teams in the area to come play a large number of games of quizbowl across the morning, afternoon, and early evening. Tournaments will charge an entry fee for each attending team (usually between $80 and $120 for events in the US), and usually offer discounts to teams that bring along necessaries such as a buzzer or a scorekeeper. Each school may bring multiple separate teams to a single tournament, which are usually labeled as the "A-Team," "B-Team," "C-Team," etc. in descending order of predicted skill. Most good tournaments attempt to offer attending teams nine to twelve games against a variety of area schools, using a set consisting of fourteen to eighteen separate packets of questions.

During the School Year

With the exception of Thanksgiving weekend, winter break, and the summer, there is some tournament happening somewhere on almost every Saturday of the academic year. The quizbowl year is roughly divided between a fall semester from late September to early December, in which Collegiate Novice, ACF Fall, and several other invitationals happen, and a spring semester from late January through April, in which the NAQT SCT, ACF Regionals, and both national tournaments (ICT and ACF Nationals) all happen, with further invitationals filling out the calendar in the spring as well. Check the hsquizbowl.org forums or your area of the circuit's mailing list to become informed of all tournaments happening in your area.

Summer

Many people love quizbowl so much that they even want to play during the summer! From the time schools let out in mid-May through August, each summer usually features a few informally-organized quizbowl events that players can attend. Because school teams are usually disbanded for the year and might not be able to reunite for geographical reasons, summer tournaments are basically always open (any player from any school, and people from no school at all, may unite with any other player on a team with no eligibility restrictions). Recurring summer events of recent vintage have included VCU Open.

Chicago Open

The "crown jewel" of independent quizbowl events, and almost always the most difficult event of the year, Chicago Open attracts players from all over the nation to a "nationals-plus"-difficulty event, and many side tournaments are organized to keep everyone awake playing lots of quizbowl for two to three days.

Practicing

Most clubs spend between three and six hours a week at practice, dividing club members into arbitrary teams and playing packets from old tournament sets. Regularly-scheduled practices, using academic questions like the ones at upcoming tournaments, are a vital ingredient for the continued survival of any college quizbowl team. Currently, there are thousands and thousands of packets from old question sets available online for free (though NAQT sets are still only legally available by direct purchase). See below for packet repositories.

Attending Tournaments

Eligibility

It is important to determine whether teams and players are eligible for a given tournament before they attend. Most tournaments require all teams to be representing only one school (i.e. you can't mix players from different schools to play on one team); this includes all ACF and NAQT events as well as any event that specifically advertises itself as "closed". The overwhelming majority of teams playing at any given college tournament are teams from a single school.

Occasionally some tournaments, including most non-Nationals tournaments that are above regular difficulty and events in regions such as the Pacific Northwest with few active teams, are "open tournaments", allowing non-students and mixed-school teams to participate in any configuration.

Though most easier-than-regular tournaments, such as ACF Fall, do not specifically restrict experienced or good players, an informal gentleman's agreement precludes especially strong players or teams from bringing their full strength.

Some particularly-enterprising high school teams play in some local college tournaments in their area on top of high school tournaments, either for extra challenge or because there is a lack of opportunity for high school competition in their area. Most college hosts permit this, though some areas and state associations (such as Illinois) may have more specific rules.

Funding

Because tournaments cost money, paying for them is an important aspect of college quizbowl life.

  • Many teams can get club funding through their school's student organizations office or similar funding opportunities. Check with your own student activities organization and ask around for various potential funds.
  • Host your own tournament - either a college tournament like the ones your team attends - or a high school tournament, reserving rooms in which to host the event and charging entrants a fee which you can then use to pay for other tournaments and travel costs throughout the year. This is a great way to fund a team, but does require some preparation to work well.
  • If necessary, pay some or all of the costs out of pocket.
  • Many college teams get a team bank account which they can keep their funds in and hand down as team captains, treasurers, etc. graduate.

Physical Travel - Getting To (and From) Tournaments

The most important thing any collegiate quizbowl player can learn for the game is how to drive. Quizbowl tournaments are held at many campuses throughout the year, and the most efficient way to get to them is by car. Bringing a car to campus, or getting familiar with a rental service such as Avis [www.avis.com] or Zipcar [www.zipcar.com], is critical. Occasionally, campuses will have their own vehicles for rent; Dartmouth can notably obtain a large van for off-campus travel. Road trips may be long; for drives over four or five hours, it may be advisable to stay over in a hotel near the tournament rather than make a single-day trip. This is, however, a great opportunity for team bonding and exciting travel stories.

Many clubs with a campus reasonably close to others with also take note of public transportation options such as bus, ferry, or train, and sometimes use public transportation options that might help you get to where you need to go. When using public transportation, it's always important to watch the time tables carefully to find a cost-effective travel plan which leaves lots of wiggle room in the event of delays or tournaments that run past their intended end time. [www.megabus.com Megabus], [www.boltbus.com Bolt Bus], and other low-cost bus services are an increasingly-popular, if somewhat scrappy, service for traveling quizbowl teams if they're going to and from major urban centers. A car is still often necessary to get to more remote campuses or campuses outside a major city.

Many teams are far enough from the location of national championships that it makes sense to buy airplane tickets and fly to those tournaments.

Writing Packets

Some tournaments throughout the year will be packet-submission, requiring attendees to write a packet of questions to attend. Discounts to the entry fee are typically given for questions submitted eight weeks and six weeks before the tournament, and additional penalty fees added for questions submitted less than four weeks before the tournament. New teams may operate on different schedules and are always encouraged to submit a packet regardless of whether one is necessary.

For more information on writing questions, please see Jerry Vinokurov's excellent treatise on How to Write Questions. It's also essential to consult the official ACF on distributing, writing, and style-formatting your packet; other tournament hosts are likely to have the same standards [1].

If one school is sending multiple teams of different people to the same tournament (e.g. the University of Chicago sends a "Chicago A" team of Seth and Selene, and a "Chicago B" team of Michael and David), it is essential that those separate teams share no information with each other about the contents of their submitted packets (neither Seth nor Selene may say anything to Michael or David - or any other competing team - about their packet, or vice versa). Obtaining information about another team's packet and failing to report the mistake constitutes cheating.

Schedule at a Tournament

The typical college tournament takes place on a Saturday; very occasionally, if the existence of a conflicting high school tournament or other major obstacle prevents hosting on a Saturday, there may be a tournament held on Sunday. Registration usually goes until some time between 8:45 and 9:30 AM, when the tournament director hosts an opening meeting and sends teams off to their Round 1 rooms. The tournament usually goes for four to six rounds, pauses for a lunch break, and continues until its conclusion in the early evening.

Teams are arranged into a predetermined schedule of rounds, in which brackets of teams play a round-robin within their bracket. Each bracket contains teams of many skill levels. The strongest teams in the field may then be split off into a top bracket for more playoff rounds as the rest of the field plays consolation games against teams of a similar skill level to themselves. Many tournaments end in a finals match, whose entrants either have a tied record or a record separated by one loss (i.e. one team had 11 wins and 0 losses over the day, and the other went 10-1). See finals for more information on the usual quizbowl procedure for finals matches.

The ideal round of quizbowl takes about 25 minutes on the clock (factoring in pauses, halftime, etc. to a 20-minute game) and 25 to 30 minutes for an untimed game, depending on the skill level of teams involved. Given this ideal length and a lunch break of about an hour, it is entirely possible for a well-run tournament to finish ten rounds by 4 PM; however, travel delays, time spent walking to new rooms between games, possible slow moderators, and other miscellaneous issues such as protests should lead teams planning travel to assume that tournaments will end much later - usually between 6 and 7 PM for the average regional event.

See this page on the ACF website for short descriptions of suggested schedules for use at tournaments of varying sizes.

External Links

For more information about the college game, you are encouraged to visit the following websites:

Organizations

Packet Archives

Communication

hsquizbowl.org forums

Enjoy quizbowl!

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