Difference between revisions of "Buzzer"

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A '''buzzer''' is a common name for a device used to indicate which player has indicated that he or she wishes to answer a question first.  They are usually desired for playing quizbowl, as they help avoid any ambiguities in who buzzed in first.  When no buzzers are present, teams must play [[slapbowl]], where buzzing is indicated by slapping the desk or saying something like "buzz".  These buzzer systems are also called "lockouts".
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{{Intro}}
  
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==Buzzer Systems==
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[[File:JudgeBuzzer.jpeg|thumb|The Judge]]
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{{Pic|Image = JudgeBuzzer.jpeg
 
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| Caption = The Judge
 
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| }}
 
  
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*'''[[Buzzersystems.com]]''' -- based in Chillicothe, Illinois is renowned for their early use of the internet. Since their "standard system", the company has branched out to create systems that better fit various styles of play.  One of their newer devices is a separate timing system that can be integrated into a lockout to fit the [[Illinois Scholastic Bowl|Illinois format]], though supposedly a system that will fit the more widespread [[NAQT]] format will soon be available.  The "deluxe" system with individual light boxes and hand held sticks are likely the best system they make.  Customer service is a hallmark.  They have been the exclusive supplier (donated rental) of lockout systems to the IHSA State Championship Tourament since 1996.  The owners were a 2007 recipient of the [[Robert Grierson Friend of Scholastic Bowl Award]].
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'''Buzzer system''', '''buzzer''', and '''lockout system''' are the common names for the device used to indicate which player has signaled their desire to answer a question first.  Such systems are necessary for all standard quizbowl games because they make it clear which player was the first to attempt to answer a question.
  
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*'''[http://www.c-e-d-inc.com/ The Knot]''' -- aka the QuizWizard II, a system whose only known owners in collegiate quizbowl are the [[Maryland]], [[Illinois]], and [[Chicago]] teams. Up to sixteen players can use it at one time, making it useful for large practices or unusual competitive games.  At least for the Maryland team, the system has been extremely reliable in the four years since it was renovated, but Chicago has reportedly had more problems with their system.  Its name comes from its very long and inextricably jumbled cords, which make it useful for setting up in large spaces. Its drawbacks include the lack of individual lights which necessitate the moderator calling out alphanumeric designations for who has buzzed in and slow down games. In addition, the assignment of letter-number combinations to the buzzers was not planned well--buzzers are labeled A1, A2, A3, A4, B1, B2, B3, B4, C1, C2, C3, C4, D1, D2, D3, and D4. The difficulty in distinguishing the letters "B" "C" and "D" from each other leads to a lot of confusion when neither team picks up the "A" buzzers; one team should always make sure to do so when using this system. Any future editions of the QuizWizard should probably use numbers 1-16 or four letters that do not sound so similar.  Another drawback of the system is its price.  A QuizWizard II system for 16 players costs around $640, plus tax and shipping, although it is more in the price range of other systems when price per player is accounted for.
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While using a buzzer system, players '''buzz''' to answer a question. Other players are prevented from buzzing ("locked out") after one player has buzzed until the system is [[cleared|reset]].
  
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*'''Zeecraft''' -- the only buzzer used by [[College Bowl]] and the [[National Academic Championship]]. Uses "phone cord" style connecting wires, which often leads to the end jacks breaking off. This can be fixed with Radio Shack parts, though most teams don't bother and a lot of Zeecraft systems have wires randomly fall out during use, not to be discovered until someone fruitlessly tries to buzz.  Lights tend to break frequently on Zeecraft buzzers, although the company offers repair kits with spare bulbs that can be easily installed with a screwdriver and solder gun. Generally, Zeecraft systems make different sounds for buzzes on different team ports on the main unit, so it is possible to play a game with two broken lights if those buzzers are connected to different team ports.  Zeecraft's several systems include one with a button and light on a single box and one with a hand activator and a light.  Models with more than 8 buzzer slots are also available.
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A buzzer system consists of a control unit that sits near the moderator, which connects to individual buttons or paddles held by each player. When a player buzzes in, the system produces a sound and activates a light indicating which player buzzed. Many more expensive systems have individual lights next to each player, while most lower-priced systems have smaller lights or light only on the control unit.
  
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*'''SVBZ''' -- a company which has attracted the attention of quizbowl within the past two years for selling systems for under $200, a previously unheard-of level of economy. While their original models were prone to completely fail due to lack of shielding against static shocks, they have a good warranty policy and have corrected the flaw in newer systems.  Despite this fix, these buzzers still routinely break and are typically the cause of frequent reliability problems at tournaments, especially because the wires are usually wrapped around the buzzing units, which causes the connections to break.  Their buzzers have individual lights and use headphone-jack connectors which can be indefinitely split off, meaning that you can attach as many individual units as you choose to buy in order to run a large practice. But make sure to attach and tie off the endless sequence of connecting wires ahead of time, or you'll never figure out how to set the system up properly. As part of their budget-friendly approach, SVBZ buzzers do not come with a carrying case, but they are compact enough to be carried in any tote bag or case you can find. In fact, one advantage of these buzzers is that the whole system is small enough to be tossed in your luggage, so you can always bring an extra system to a tournament without worrying about the hassle of carrying an additional item. An optional AC adapter can be bought, or you can save more money with the battery-powered model. While this allows you to set up the system anywhere in the room (or even outdoors) without regard to the power outlet, it also means that you should keep a supply of batteries with the system to ensure its usability.  When inproperly put away, SVBZ buzzers create massive tangles that can result in large delays when setting up the system the next time.
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Almost all [[tournament]]s require some number of teams to bring buzzers in order to have enough to run the tournament properly; for this reason, [[Tournament director]]s usually offer a discount to teams that bring a buzzer. When too few buzzers are present, teams must play [[slapbowl]], where buzzing is indicated by slapping the desk or saying something like "buzz." This is no longer common in the vast majority of modern quizbowl tournaments.
  
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*'''[http://www.andersonbuzzersystems.com/ Anderson Officiator]'''- A cheap, reliable system with a logical setup of player lights on the activator boxes and ample buzzer-to-control box cord length.  The fact that, on one model, all buzzers are connected means that the wires rarely get tangled and set up is pretty quick. (Models are also available where each buzzer has its own cord.)  One drawback is that the LEDs included in the standard system are not very bright, making it a little difficult to recognize players.
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Online tournaments typically use an [[online buzzer]] system like [[Buzzin.live]], which functions for players in much the same way as an in-person buzzer. It is possible to use USB buzzers attached to players' computers as the activator for online buzzers, though this is not necessary and generally either a mouse or a phone touchscreen is used. While physical buzzers may use pure electronic hardware logic to determine who has buzzed first, online systems used in serious tournament play must account for varying Internet speed/lag through various approaches, in order to actually determine who has buzzed first in real time rather than who has the best connection to the server.
  
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*'''Quizco''' -- Advantages include the ability to connect with off-the-rack RCA cords of any length and infinite capability for daisy-chaining buzzers onto the end of the line; this means you can accommodate as many players as you are willing to buy individual activators. The Quizco carrying case is also one of the most efficient at combining protection of the equipment with ease of transport. Disadvantages include easy breakage, the fact that one malfunctioning or improperly connected buzzer will prevent the whole team from buzzing in, and the quack-like noise made while buzzing, which is both extremely irritating and too short for a moderator who is reading loudly to notice 100% of the time. You can put a piece of tape over the speaker on the central unit to make the sound more pleasant, but nothing can be done about the duration problem.
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==History of Quizbowl Buzzers==
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The earliest quizbowl-style competitions appeared to use either a system of hand-raising (sometimes with other officials activating a buzzer after seeing a hand raised) or shouting the answer before the other team. The [[College Bowl]] TV show implemented a buzzer system as part of its studio set, but [https://web.archive.org/web/20120531092825/https://www.ocf.berkeley.edu/~quizbowl/newsletters/ACF_Newsletter_9-3.txt portable buzzers took longer to emerge]. The [[Berry]] College team in 1971 created a home-made portable buzzer system while a patent for a portable buzzer system was filed in 1972. Previous "lockout" buzzer systems had been used by [[Bible Bowl]] as early as the 1950s, but they were apparently not very portable.  [[John P. Reynolds]] of Dayton, OH, who was likely affiliated with Bible Bowl, is the inventor of the buzzer system under the most straightforward interpretation of the concepts of "inventor" and "buzzer system."
  
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*'''Quik Pro''' -- a very common system in both high school and collegiate quizbowl, featuring tiny hand activators and large lights. The hardwired connection between the handheld stick and the cylindrical light is great; the phone cords used to connect the light to the central box less so. Another Quiz Pro system dispenses with the individual lights and uses tiny lights on the central unit, in the style of The Judge. The noise made by Quiz Pro systems is probably the most effective overall at stopping a moderator's speech, as it is both harsh and long in duration.  
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To be usable in quizbowl, buzzer systems now have some kind of light that indicates who buzzed in first, as well as a sound that alerts the reader to stop reading the question and look for the light. Some older buzzer systems used a mechanical bell or other physical device instead of making a "buzz" sound. All currently manufactured systems play an electronically synthesized tone of some kind, with the QuikPro being closest to an onomatopoeiac "buzz" sound. Most current systems use two or more tones of different pitches and/or lengths, so that which of the teams has buzzed can be determined by sound alone before searching for the individual player using the lights.
  
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*'''[[The Judge]]''' -- possibly the most iconic system in the collegiate game. Advantages include idiot-proof setup and repacking (everything is permanently wired together and there is plenty of extra room in the case), a pleasing train whistle noise, and the ability to "prime" the buzzer by partially depressing it without activating the system as you wait for another clue.  Disadvantages are legion: Short cords force players to sit close together, and make the activators fall onto the floor if not gripped at all times; the system only comes in 8- and 10- player versions and cannot accommodate a large number of players at a practice; there is a "timer" button which is easily confused with the reset button, serves no apparent function, and prevents players from buzzing in when accidentally pressed; the position of the lights as physical protrusions from the case make the lights and light covers very susceptible to breaking; the grip pads on the activators start to peel away immediately; the system as a whole breaks and is impervious to obvious repair; and the whole thing resembles a bomb and will make your passage through airports to faraway tournaments difficult, as chronicled in numerous online discussions. The Judge is sold by Electramatic of Minneapolis, a company which steadily refuses to advertise this product on their website. The Judge is also the only known system that allows for "ties"--two lights coming on at once when players buzz in at the same time--when properly set up.
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[[File:Bible bowl schematic.png|200px|thumb|center|Schematic for an electromechanical buzzer used in Bible Bowl]] [[File:Bible bowl schematic 2.png|200px|thumb|center|Schematic for an electromechanical buzzer used in Bible Bowl (back)]]
  
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*'''[http://www.quizsystems.com/ QuizSystems.com]''' - The "buzzer without a name," featuring aggressive colors, translucent plastic parts, and a mystery third plug.
+
Instructions on building a modern computerized buzzer set using a printed circuit board may be found [https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1719&context=physics_facpub here.] This document is from 1996 but presumably all fully electronic buzzers work basically the same way.
  
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*'''Homemade buzzers'''-- not a good idea. Occasionally seen on televised high school quizbowl as well as at enterprising quizbowl clubs, these systems break early and often because they do not have years of trial-and-error behind them. Even the world's brightest electrical engineers cannot be counted upon to build a good buzzer system on their first try, as evidenced by an [[MIT]] homebrew system bursting into flames mid-game at an early 1990s [[Yale]] tournament.
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==Choosing a buzzer system (2019 Em Gunter post)==
  
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*'''Smartphone Buzzers''' - a relatively recent alternative to physical buzzers are WiFi-network linked buzzer systems using multiple "smartphones" such as iPhones and Android-based phones. Products such as [http://www.ibuzzedfirst.com/ I Buzzed First!] are an inexpensive way of forming a lockout buzzer system using phones and a WiFi network - the app is installed onto all the contestant's phones, and also onto the quiz master's phone who controls the proceedings. Such systems are not common at the moment, and it will be interesting to see the impact they have on existing buzzer systems.
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There are many things to take into consideration when deciding which buzzer system to purchase including price, durability, portability, and other factors. Below is a brief overview of [[Em Gunter]]'s [https://hsquizbowl.org/forums/viewtopic.php?f=30&t=22829 guide to choosing a buzzer system] on the [[hsquizbowl.org forums]]. This covers 4 of the most commonly seen systems that can still be purchased as of March 2020 (thus leaving out [[The Judge]], which appears to be unavailable for purchase anymore, but which due to its near-indestructibility remains present on many circuits).
  
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==How to buy a buzzer system==
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===[http://www.andersonbuzzersystems.com/ Anderson Buzzers]: [$265-$290]===
  
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A frequent question from new programs at any level is how and where to buy a buzzer system. The important thing to keep in mind is that ''all buzzers break.'' It is better to buy two $200-$300 systems with good warranties and always have a backup on hand for when one is being fixed, then buy a $600 system without a warranty just because you've heard the more expensive system is less likely to fail.
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Anderson buzzers come in two versions: daisy-chained boxes and individual hand-held indicators. purchasing the daisy-chained version is suggested due to their ease of use and high durability. When disassembled these buzzers only have 4 parts making it nearly impossible to accidentally leave part of the system lying around. The control unit is a simple box and each strip of buzzers connects on either side of the unit. These buzzers are extremely durable and are only known to fail in cases of extreme negligence. Andersons are the cheapest and most reliable buzzers that can be purchased and are often recommended over any other system. In general, it is a much better idea to purchase two sets of Andersons rather than a single set of QuikPros or Zeecrafts due to the far superior build of the Andersons. The one downside, however, to Andersons is that the AC adapter for the system is extremely short so purchasing an extension cord is highly suggested.
  
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Past that, you want a system that provides for easy use in gameplay and practices. Systems such as The Knot, which do not have individual lights and require the moderator to call out who has buzzed, do not suit themselves to timed games and are annoying even in ACF formats. Something with an individual, easy-to-see light on each player's buzzer is the best. Systems such as The Judge have individual, universally visible lights, but they are located on the central unit rather than the activators, meaning that players can sometimes forget who has buzzed in and answer for their teammate.
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===[http://www.buzzersystems.com/ BuzzerSystems.com Buzzers]: [~$299]===
  
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"Self-resetting" systems are not appropriate for use in any mainstream collegiate or high school format. Make sure to get a system with a moderator reset button that does not require a time delay.
+
The buzzers from BuzzerSystems.com feature a control unit with individual activators contained within boxes that connect to the control unit by audio cables. The control unit features a reset button and 16 ports to allow the support of up to 16 players which is higher than any other commonly found system. Set up of this system is slightly more complicated than the Andersons because you have to plug a cable into each individual activator and a port on the control unit. Players who enjoy holding their activator but are seeking a higher quality or cheaper set will most likely prefer this set over Andersons. The main downside to this system is the quality of the cables that come with the set when you purchase it. When purchasing this system it is recommended that you additionally invest in a set of replacement cables that can be found at Amazon or a local electronics retailer.
  
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Systems which make a different sound depending on which team has buzzed can be useful and provide a safeguard against breakage--you can play with up to two buzzers whose lights have burnt out on this system, one on each side, and still always know who has buzzed in.
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===[http://www.quikprosystems.com/ QuikPro Buzzers]: [$289-$489]===
  
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If you buy a battery-powered system, ALWAYS KEEP FRESH BATTERIES IN THE CASE. Nothing is worse than a system failing mid-tournament because of a dead battery.
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QuikPro buzzers come in two general types. You either have hand-held activators directly connected to the control unit from a single connection or individual lights with hand-held activators attached. The version with hand-held activators but not lights are generally far more reliable than the version with individual lights. QuikPro buzzers use cables similar to those used for home telephones and the connectors are often prone to snapping. The reset button on QuikPro buzzers can often fail due to poor wiring and may require the splicing of new wire in for continued functionality. The set up of this system is fairly simple but there are many cords that can easily get tangled or damaged which can increase set up and tear down time significantly compared to other systems.  
  
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===[http://www.zeecraft.com/ Zeecraft Buzzers]: [$465-$730]===
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 +
These are by far the most expensive buzzers you can buy and while they look extremely nice they don't hold up very well. Many people have experience with these sets as they commonly show up at various national championship tournaments. Zeecraft systems have 8 individual lights with individual hand-held activators. The individual lights themselves are extremely fragile and will crack or pop off if they fall on the ground or jostle inside the case. The buzzers connect to the control unit using telephone cables and the clips on these tend to snap off quite easily. The craftmanship of Zeecraft buzzers is inferior to that of other systems. The soldering is often messy and these systems fail significantly sooner than other systems available for purchase. Additionally, Zeecrafts are incredibly time-consuming to set up and take even longer to put away due to the barely-big-enough case designed for the system. Taking into account the very high cost and lack of durability it is suggested that you stay away from Zeecraft buzzers for individual team use.
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==Model-specific information==
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 +
This table is intended to aggregate information about all models of buzzer that are usable for ordinary NAQT/ACF-style quizbowl, including those that are no longer manufactured. Systems that may be suitable only for Knowledge Bowl or other peripheral formats will be added in the future.
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 +
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:left;"
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|-
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! Manufacturer
 +
! Model
 +
! Still being made as of 2022?
 +
! Lowest cost for usable system<ref>Lowest possible cost, excluding shipping and carrying case, for a new system in the model line that can currently be ordered from the manufacturer's website and meets [https://www.naqt.com/nationals/buzzer-discount-policy.html NAQT's definition] of an acceptable buzzer. Higher-priced variants with more features (e.g. additional player activators or a different style of activator), or lower-priced systems that are not usable for ordinary quizbowl (e.g. because they have fewer than eight activators), or usable lower-priced models that are no longer offered as new products and can only be acquired secondhand, may also be available. Information was researched and current as of 12/20/22.</ref>
 +
! Advantages
 +
! Disadvantages
 +
|-
 +
|[http://www.quikprosystems.com/ 4 D Designs]
 +
|Combo Quik Pro
 +
|Yes
 +
|$395
 +
|This newer system is a good balance of the Quik Pro's benefits with innovations to make it more compact and less fragile. The individual activators have a button set in the middle of a light and are permanently hardwired together; the only thing to plug in is one connector per team. The whole system fits in a shoebox and is only a few inches larger than the miniaturized Anderson system so it's one of the most portable. All Quik Pro models except the Basic have a small timer mounted to the system - this can be used for various game timing functions though it is not visible to the players like the Zeecraft timers are.
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| Because each team side is permanently hardwired, the individual activators are not modular; if you have an 8-player system and one activator fails then there is no way to "switch it out" and the whole thing has to be sent in for repair. However, the system seems to be fairly durable and may not have this issue often. The only connector in the system is the unusual Quik Pro data port, so there's no off-the-shelf extension available like there is for phone/Ethernet/RCA style cords; conversely, when the connectors are long enough to accommodate a medium-sized classroom, it's recommended to tape them down to the floor to avoid tripping hazards. Repairs for Quik Pro systems tend to be expensive in comparison to other manufacturers.
 +
|-
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|[http://www.quikprosystems.com/ 4 D Designs]
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|Quik Pro Basic
 +
|Yes
 +
|$289
 +
|Good loud buzzing sound, affordable cost, extremely compact and easy to set up (just plug it into the wall and you're done).
 +
|Lights on control unit only (no light physically in front of each player).
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|-
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|[http://www.quikprosystems.com/ 4 D Designs]
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|Quik Pro Deluxe
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|Yes
 +
|$489
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|"Siren" style lights are the most visible available and are good for larger rooms or for formats that require recognizing by buzzer color. They are easily recognized as a "buzzer system" even when not plugged in and are a good eye-catching aid in recruitment environments such as activities fairs. Timer included.
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|Plastic on sirens cracks fairly easily, especially if you're trying to balance the whole system on a classroom desk where it will inevitably fall off. Recommend using some velcro/tape to secure the components to the desk surface to try to avoid this happening too often. RJ11 connectors have the usual issues (perhaps even more so since unlike the Zeecraft the connector end goes into the individual buzzer rather than the control unit and will be moving around constantly) so be prepared to perform maintenance.
 +
|-
 +
|[http://www.quikprosystems.com/ 4 D Designs]
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|Quik Pro Deluxe Strobe
 +
|Yes
 +
|$518
 +
|Strobe may be a good solution for improving visibility in very large rooms.  Timer included.
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|Same as the Deluxe.
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|-
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|[https://www.andersonbuzzersystems.com/ Anderson Enterprises]
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|Officiator Elite
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|Yes
 +
|$448
 +
|By far the simplest and most compact system for accommodating more than 10 players, e.g. at large practices or in certain "Bee" formats. Variable volume control.
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|Lights on control unit only (no light physically in front of each player).
 +
|-
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|[https://www.andersonbuzzersystems.com/ Anderson Enterprises]
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|Officiator Handheld/Handpad
 +
|Yes
 +
|$320
 +
|Probably the best connector style for detachable handheld activators - they don't tend to fall out like the NEDs or break like the Zeecraft/QuikPros. Available in cylinder button or "slap-pad" styles.  Variable volume control.
 +
|Lights on control unit only (no light physically in front of each player).
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|-
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|[https://www.andersonbuzzersystems.com/ Anderson Enterprises]
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|Officiator Tabletop
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|Yes
 +
|$290
 +
|Generally considered one of the best values for a new buzzer - despite the issues mentioned here you can usually get a few years out of it before sending it in for a cheap repair. Very appealing when looking at long-term cost of ownership.  Variable volume control. Since 2020 or so this system has been offered in a miniaturized version that's easier to transport and so far seems to have fewer of the maintenance issues. Anderson has a good reputation for effective customer service & affordable repairs when needed. The cords from the first buzzer in each team chain to the control unit are fairly long and work for almost any room setup without worrying about purchasing extensions.
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|Hard-wired connections on both sides of 8 out of 10 activators mean there is no way to pack the system without stressing and, sooner or later, breaking the wires. Reset button can stick. LEDs on activators will often sink into the unit, though this is fairly easy to repair. Power pack is fragile and is subject to the wire breaking/fraying or the pack simply ceasing to work after a period of time. A lot of players have an annoying habit of covering the light on these systems when they buzz, so you will need to remind people not to do that.
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|-
 +
|Boling<ref>This company appears to still be in business but their website is non-secure so the link is not included at this time.</ref>
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|Funbuzzer
 +
|Yes
 +
|$445
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[https://edapi.com/genius-game/?lang=en Edapi]
 +
|Genius Game
 +
|Yes
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|~$365<ref>This is a Quebec-based company which lists prices on its website in Canadian dollars. As of December 2022 the base price is CAD$495 which is US$364. Exchange rates vary over time and additional charges related to shipping or customs when ordering from the U.S. may apply.</ref>
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|
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[https://buzzersystems.com/ Novel Electronic Designs/BuzzerSystems.com]
 +
|10-Player Quiz System
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|Yes
 +
|$360
 +
|Of the major manufacturers, NED systems are probably the most historically reliable in terms of need for repair per hour of use, and they tend to accumulate less visible wear and tear over time than similarly priced systems.
 +
|The RCA-style connectors used in these systems are imperfect and are too easily yanked out by normal movement or loosened over time. Securing the connections with additional tape etc. is recommended if feasible for your use conditions. This model doesn't have lights in front of the players.
 +
|-
 +
|[https://buzzersystems.com/ Novel Electronic Designs/BuzzerSystems.com]
 +
|High-Visibility Buzzer System
 +
|Yes
 +
|$559
 +
|Same as other NED systems plus larger individual desktop lights.
 +
|Same as other NED systems.
 +
|-
 +
|[https://buzzersystems.com/ Novel Electronic Designs/BuzzerSystems.com]
 +
|Line-Up Chain-Link Quiz System
 +
|Yes
 +
|$645
 +
|Same as other NED systems.
 +
|The handheld activators that go to the desktop units have the same issue as other NED systems with RCA connectors. The other connectors in this system are eight-pin style similar to Anderson connectors.
 +
|-
 +
|[https://buzzersystems.com/ Novel Electronic Designs/BuzzerSystems.com]
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|Team-Box Quiz System
 +
|Yes
 +
|$475
 +
|Same as other NED systems.
 +
|Lights on control unit only (no light physically in front of each player). Same issue with RCA connectors.
 +
|-
 +
|[https://buzzersystems.com/ Novel Electronic Designs/BuzzerSystems.com]
 +
|Traditional Buzzer System – BASIC
 +
|Yes
 +
|$339
 +
|Same as other NED systems.
 +
|Same as other NED systems.
 +
|-
 +
|[https://buzzersystems.com/ Novel Electronic Designs/BuzzerSystems.com]
 +
|Who's Next? Buzzer System
 +
|Yes
 +
|$399
 +
|Offers a functionality for determining who buzzed second, third, etc that can be switched on or off as desired.
 +
|Same as other NED systems.
 +
|-
 +
|[https://quizequipment.com/information.htm Quiz Equipment]
 +
|A/G Quizbox
 +
|Yes
 +
|$465
 +
|Quiz Equipment activators are all modular and are available in various form factors including slap-pads and handheld cylinders.
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[https://quizequipment.com/information.htm Quiz Equipment]
 +
|Basic Quizbox
 +
|Yes
 +
|$305
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[https://quizequipment.com/information.htm Quiz Equipment]
 +
|Quizbowl Quizbox
 +
|Yes
 +
|$436
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[https://quizequipment.com/information.htm Quiz Equipment]
 +
|World Bible Quiz system
 +
|Yes
 +
|$535
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[http://quizsystems.com/products.htm QuizSystems]
 +
|QS2000A
 +
|Yes
 +
|$260
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|[https://rolls.com/product/GS76RL Rolls]
 +
|GS76RL Game Show Controller
 +
|?
 +
|Lists for $189 new though currently sold out, not sure if more are being manufactured
 +
|Compact but still has individual lights
 +
|The reset button does not clear the system if someone is holding down one of the activator buttons
 +
|-
 +
|[https://www.trebisky.com/product-page/trebisky-game-show-buzzer-standalone-system-w-led-light-buttons-8-player Trebisky]
 +
|Game Show Buzzer
 +
|Yes
 +
|$90
 +
|The lowest-priced new system, and is sold through Amazon so has lots of payment options.
 +
| ''Extremely'' fragile system using very cheap components that is likely to arrive with at least one activator already broken. There is no way that this system will stand up to the ordinary wear and tear of travel or game use. The system as designed theoretically meets tournament usability requirements, but in reality is probably not suited for actual quizbowl team needs and is better used for non-quizbowl classroom or entertainment applications.
 +
|-
 +
|[https://tripleqquestions.com/product/8-player-sho-me-smart-light-buzzer-system/ Triple-Q/Sho-Me]
 +
|Smart Light
 +
|Yes
 +
|$450
 +
|The images of this system look identical to the JBQ bar system - possibly the original manufacturer was acquired by Triple Q?
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|UniAsia<ref>This company appears to still be in business but does not have a website that I could find.</ref>
 +
|QZ-825
 +
|Yes
 +
|$115
 +
|At this price, if you can get 2 years out of them, it's probably worth it even if they don't last longer than that.
 +
|From pictures, this seems to be basically the same design as the no-longer-made SVBZ buzzers, which proved somewhat fragile and difficult to set up.
 +
|-
 +
|[http://www.zeecraft.com/ Zeecraft]
 +
|Challenger I
 +
|Yes
 +
|$495
 +
|All Challenger models accommodate either the "regular buzzer" (unit with button and small light for each player), the "Showtime handgrip" ("trigger" style buzzer with separate large rectangular light unit for each player), or the "Showtime tabletop" (the smaller square light unit). Loud buzzing tone that's less harsh than the QuikPro.
 +
|RJ11 connectors break easily, though these are fairly simple to repair. The Showtime handgrips have large plastic covers that will probably crack if dropped repeatedly; as with the Quik Pro Deluxe, you should try to secure them to the table when using to avoid this. Properly setting up and repacking the system, including using velcro or tape to avoid damage to the Showtime units, takes longer than any other currently manufactured buzzer (though not as long as the SVBZ).
 +
|-
 +
|[http://www.zeecraft.com/ Zeecraft]
 +
|Challenger II
 +
|Yes
 +
|$610
 +
|Various built-in timing functions; can show a visible countdown for an NAQT-style game clock or rules such as 5 seconds per bonus part, etc.
 +
|RJ11 connectors break easily, though these are fairly simple to repair.
 +
|-
 +
|[http://www.zeecraft.com/ Zeecraft]
 +
|Challenger III
 +
|Yes
 +
|$720
 +
|Adds lights on the control unit to the Challenger II features.
 +
|RJ11 connectors break easily, though these are fairly simple to repair.
 +
|-
 +
|[http://www.zeecraft.com/ Zeecraft]
 +
|Discover
 +
|Yes
 +
|$365
 +
|
 +
|Lights on control unit only (no light physically in front of each player).
 +
|-
 +
|[https://www.andersonbuzzersystems.com/ Anderson Enterprises]
 +
|Officiator Deluxe
 +
|No
 +
|Model discontinued. The similar Officiator Elite is now offered instead.
 +
|Has an LED screen on the control unit to display certain information about buzzing order.
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|Creative Electronic Designs
 +
|Quiz Wizard II
 +
|No
 +
|Company is no longer in business.
 +
|Can accommodate 16 players in large practice environments etc. Generally fairly durable; one or two buzzers may go dead but these systems are well over 20 years old and are still seen from time to time. Long cords.
 +
|Everything is hardwired together, which combined with the cord length means it can become tangled, hence "The Knot." No way to do individual activator repairs. This system has no lights at all; when a player buzzes, the moderator must read their buzzer number from an LCD screen. Annoyingly, the buzzers are numbered A1 through A4, B1 through B4, C1 through C4, and D1 through D4, which means you shouldn't use both D and B in a game since those are hard to distinguish. The buzzer numbers inscribed on the activators wear off over time so the only way to determine the numbers is for everyone to remember what comes up at the buzzer check. The additional step of calling out the buzzer number means that these systems should probably not be used in timed games (e.g. official NAQT national events). For a "barebones" system with no special features, the unit is surprisingly large; it takes up about as much space as a Quik Pro Deluxe or other system that uses that space to provide individual light units to each player.
 +
|-
 +
|Educational Technologies
 +
|Inquisitor
 +
|No
 +
|Company is no longer in business.
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|Electramatic
 +
|The Judge
 +
|???
 +
|Electramatic has always had a very basic and uninformative web presence. It may still be possible to order this system by phone, or not.
 +
|Simple setup (basically just take the single hard-wired mass of equipment out of the case).
 +
|Breaks easily, especially the covers on the lights which protrude from the case and are not protected in any way. Everything being hardwired together with relatively short cords means that there's little flexibility in adapting to room setups and it's extremely easy for one errant move to drag the whole system to the floor. No lights in front of individual players. Confusing "timer" function on the reset switch often causes problems with uncleared buzzers in games.
 +
|-
 +
|JEM
 +
|Buzz Box
 +
|Maybe
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|Logitek
 +
|Quiztron
 +
|No
 +
|Company is no longer in business.
 +
|
 +
|Buzzer lights are encased in the most enormous pieces of translucent plastic known in any buzzer system, with twelve panes over a foot long used in each system. This means they are very easily cracked and the remaining examples of these buzzers all look very beat-up.
 +
|-
 +
|[https://buzzersystems.com/ Novel Electronic Designs/BuzzerSystems.com]
 +
|Deluxe System
 +
|No
 +
|Model discontinued. The similar Line-Up Chain-Link Quiz System is now offered instead.
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|Paléogénies
 +
|Génies-Box
 +
|Maybe
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|Pitsco
 +
|Quiz Wizard I
 +
|No
 +
|Pitsco Education is still in business and will likely be able to repair old systems, but they no longer manufacture new buzzers.
 +
|Very durable, compact, easy-to-set-up system.
 +
|Lights on console only, no individual player lights. The system does a 3-second "self-test" routine every time it is reset rather than just when initially powered up, which is annoying and in timed formats possibly makes it unusable.
 +
|-
 +
|QuizCo
 +
|The Quiz Machine
 +
|No
 +
|Company is no longer in business.
 +
|Can extend lengths with off-the-shelf RCA cords.
 +
|Electronic design of this system is completely dependent on "daisy chain" signal pass-through; one dead activator or cord will make every subsequent unit in the string unusable, so testing and avoiding disturbing the cords throughout the game becomes even more important than usual. System exhibits other weird behavior at times (e.g., touching anything conductive to the cord ports will cause the buzzer to go off).
 +
|-
 +
|SVBZ
 +
|SVBZ System
 +
|No
 +
|Company is no longer in business.
 +
|Both an AC adapter and a battery powered mode (9-volt) are available by default.
 +
|This system uses a huge tree of wires to connect the activators to the control unit and must be totally pulled apart and separated (preferably in individual plastic bags or similar) before being repacked. If you try to pack it up without undoing all the connections even once it will become a hopeless tangle and require 15+ minutes of work to get back to a usable state. Components are cheap and fail often. With SVBZ out of business and the system out of warranty, you should only use this system if you can acquire 2 of them, as that is the only way to have a reasonable shot at pulling enough working parts to make one fully usable system. All connections need to be pushed together as tightly as possible or buzzers will stop working and you will have to hunt through the spiderweb of wires to find the problem. Many people find the buzzing noise on this system to be harsh/unpleasant.
 +
|-
 +
|University Research Company
 +
|Quiz-a-Matic Professional
 +
|No
 +
|Company is no longer in business.
 +
|Adds individual colored lights and a detachable handheld cylinder-button activator to the original Q-a-M design. Branded with College Bowl logo.
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|University Research Company
 +
|Quiz-a-Matic
 +
|No
 +
|Company is no longer in business.
 +
|Very reliable system with many units from 30+ years ago still functioning in quizbowl. Extremely good ergonomics on the button design, and a quaint "bell" sound is used for the buzzing noise.
 +
|Each team side is hardwired together, so there is a possibility of wire stress when packing and it's not possible to replace just one buzzer. With the company defunct, unless you can figure out how to fix the electronics on your own, once the unit goes below 8 working activators it's done for.
 +
|}
 +
 +
==Notes on buying used buzzers==
 +
 +
Buzzer systems fairly often appear on resale websites, primarily eBay but also sometimes Etsy, Goodwill, and government auction aggregators. Often these were buzzers owned by secondary schools which closed and whose movable property was sold as a lot to a dealer, or systems formerly owned by non-quizbowl campus groups such as college activities offices affiliated with now-defunct programs (e.g. ACUI College Bowl).
 +
 +
*Don't buy a buzzer that won't be usable - the most common system seen here is the Trebisky Game Show Buzzer, which is marketed to a more general audience than quizbowl and primarily uses eBay and Amazon to reach buyers. As mentioned above, while information on this system is included because its technical layout meets the criteria for quizbowl buzzers, it is not a good choice for a quizbowl team and will basically be a waste of money (or time as you return it). The UniAsia QZ-825 also appears on eBay very often; it's possible that this is a more reliable system, but it has not been seen in mainstream quizbowl yet and nothing can be said for sure.
 +
*Extend your search terms- Most people making these sales are not "quizbowl people" and are guessing at what the item is called. Search for "quiz buzzer," "lockout system," "trivia," brand names such as Quik Pro, Zeecraft, etc., and be prepared to scroll past a lot of false positives.
 +
*Read terms- A lot of bulk sellers will, as a policy, not test or guarantee any electronics. Buying an "as-is" buzzer system is a needless risk and should generally be treated as code for "buying a non-working system." Sometimes, smaller sellers will be willing to plug in and test a system if you tell them how to do it - remember, they are not quizbowl people, they will need a little nudge as to what you are looking for.
 +
*The value proposition of a used buzzer is totally different than a new one because you are getting a discount. The reasons that it might not make sense to pay $700 for a Zeecraft become almost irrelevant if someone is selling the same unit for $100. The least expensive new buzzers that are generally expected to be usable over the long term include the $289 QuikPro Basic, the $290 Anderson Officiator Tabletop, and the $360 NED 10-Player. If your budget is lower and you can at least be assured that what you are buying is returnable if it doesn't work, then almost any model of buzzer at substantially less than $289 becomes a good deal.
 +
*Don't be afraid to negotiate, including using eBay's offer system. Most sellers have no idea what prices "should" be and are open to considering lowering prices, especially if the item has been on sale for a while. The inverse of the above point is - if I can get a brand new buzzer for $290 then why would I pay $500 for one that's used, banged up, covered in pieces of tape and writing that says Blahville Middle School, etc? Many sellers will find this persuasive.
 +
*Discuss lowering shipping costs as well. Most systems can be sent through regular USPS for less than $30. If someone insists on charging more and this brings the total cost of the purchase beyond what makes sense, let them know.
 +
*Know what can be repaired on your end - burnt out light bulbs, broken phone jacks, etc. are easy; completely nonfunctional electronic boards aren't. Once you know what you can repair, see what discounted "broken" systems may not be so broken after all. A system that is still supported but is missing one or two working activators might still prove a good deal after calculating the total cost of buying the used system and ordering replacement activators from the manufacturer.
 +
 +
Overall, buying used can be a great option for those on a very limited budget or clubs looking to buy a second or third buzzer in an open-ended timeframe. You will almost always find something usable for under $200 if you know how to search and have a little patience. The more of these units that are brought back into the mainstream quizbowl ecosystem, the better it will be for the issue of supplying buzzers to tournaments.
 +
 +
==Purchasing a buzzer system==
 +
 +
New quiz bowl programs commonly ask how and where to buy a buzzer system. Overtime all buzzers break down, so it is often better to purchase more durable systems such as Andersons, which are the cheapest and provide good warranties, than to a more expensive system because it looks better or you have heard rumors that it is less likely to fail. Local civic organizations are a good place to reach out to if your school division denies funding for a buzzer system.
 +
 +
There are other concerns about buying a buzzer system for quiz bowl:
 +
*Quiz bowl does not use "self-resetting" systems; you should buy a buzzer with a moderator reset button.
 +
*Wireless buzzer systems are inappropriate for tournament play due to the potential for lag.
 +
*Phone- and tablet-based buzzer systems are inappropriate for tournament play and serious practice due to the potential for distraction or cheating by using such devices' other functions.
 +
*Battery-operated buzzer systems will require you to always keep spare batteries in the case in the event of a mid-tournament battery failure.  For tournament use, systems plugging into building power are preferred (it helps to keep an extension cord in the case because some rooms have inconveniently-located power outlets).
 +
*Individual player lights on or next to each player's buzzer make it easier for everyone to recognize who has buzzed in first.
 +
 +
===[[Matt's Buzzers]]===
 +
 +
Matt's Buzzers is a charity set up by Sheryl and Mike Cvijanovich, the parents of [[Matt Cvijanovich]]. It awards grants to teams seeking to buy buzzer systems. These grants are given in Matt's honor.
 +
 +
===Buzzer exhibit===
 +
 +
The Fondren Library at [[Rice]] University displays three buzzer systems formerly used by the Rice team as part of an exhibit on the history of Rice's quizbowl program.
 +
 +
===Terminology===
 +
 +
"Buzzer system" (used in most mainstream quizbowl) and "lockout system" (used in College Bowl) are the most common terms.  Game shows such as ''Jeopardy!'' that use similar systems refer to them as a "signaling device." The terms "indicator system," "lockout/indicator," and "quiz box" are seen occasionally.
 +
 +
The rules of at least two high school leagues in 2022 (one in Ohio and one in Georgia) still use the trademarked model name "Quiz-a-Matic" to refer to buzzers in general, despite the fact that the Quiz-a-Matic has not been manufactured since 1996, suggesting that this system was once so common that its name began to genericize.
 +
 +
==Official systems==
 +
 +
While almost all tournaments allow any buzzer that meets their technical requirements and rarely have the luxury of turning away any working buzzers supplied by teams, some models are more common in certain environments:
 +
*[[NHBB]] endorses the [[Anderson]] Officiator to teams and uses that model for their company-owned reserve of buzzers.
 +
*[[NAQT]] owns several dozen [[NED]] buzzers and does, or formerly did, have many company-owned [[Judge]]s as well.
 +
*[[VHSL Scholastic Bowl]] uses a stock of [[Quik Pro]] Deluxe buzzers at its state tournament and endorses Quik Pro for purchase by participating teams. Scholastic Bowl-only programs almost invariably own a Quik Pro Deluxe with the siren-style buzzers; other models appear at regional-level VHSL tournaments only when more active teams that purchased buzzers outside of VHSL's recommendation supply them.
 +
*Off-TV [[College Bowl]] used [[Zeecraft]] Challenger I buzzers at its official events after University Research Company stopped making its prior official buzzer, the Quizamatic, in 1996. The purchase of this model by colleges running intramural tournaments and the subsequent end of the College Bowl campus program may explain this buzzer's frequent appearance on secondhand resale websites.
 +
*The Creative Electronic Designs Quiz Wizard II was the official buzzer used by [[Certamen]] teams. As of 2023, now that the Quiz Wizard II is no longer being made, the NJCL is making and repairing its own systems. As Certamen involves 12 players at a time, not all quizbowl systems are usable for this format.
 +
*Televised high school quizbowl shows that don't build their own custom buzzers through the TV station's engineers often use Zeecrafts with the Showtime activators, which are fairly easily modified to output to a large light in front of a podium.
 +
 +
The Quik Pro Deluxe "siren" style buzzers provide some advantage in games played before large audiences, as they have by far the largest lights, and the only large lights that are omnidirectional, of any available system. In extreme cases (e.g. national finals games played on stages in hotel conference rooms in front of hundreds of people) there is no out-of-the-box buzzer that lights up brightly enough to overcome the combined effects of the stage lighting and the size of the room, and the audience has to rely on listening to who is answering the question to determine who buzzed. The only way to overcome this is to re-route the light bulb socket in a buzzer that uses lamps (such as certain Zeecraft or NED models) to a larger, more powerful light on the front of the players' table/podium; outside of televised events, this method was once commonly done at the [[National Academic Championship]] and was used for the finals of the 2004 [[PACE NSC]].
 +
 +
==Gallery of buzzer systems==
 +
 +
<gallery>
 +
File:Quizco-quizmachine.jpg|Manufacturer: Quizco<br>Model: The Quiz Machine (aka the "QuizDuck" for its unique quack-like buzzing sound).|alt=alt language
 +
File:20playerquizco.jpg|Manufacturer: Quizco<br>Model: The 4-team, 20-player version of the Quiz Machine.|alt=alt language
 +
File:Paleogenies-geh.jpg|Manufacturer:Paléogénies<br>Model: Génies-Box used for [[Génies en herbe]] and related competitions in Quebec|alt=alt language
 +
File:Quizwizard1-pitsco.jpg|Manufacturer: Pitsco<br>Model: Quiz Wizard I|alt=alt language
 +
File:Quizwizardii-ced.jpg|Manufacturer: Creative Electronic Designs<br>Model: Quiz Wizard II aka "The Knot"|alt=alt language
 +
File:Thejudge2.jpg|Manufacturer: Electramatic<br>Model: The Judge|alt=alt language
 +
File:Biblebowl.jpg|Manufacturer:<br>Model: [[Bible Bowl]] system that was produced by third-party builders & also made freely available as a schematic|alt=alt language
 +
File:Quikpro.jpg|Manufacturer: 4 D Designs<br>Model: Quik Pro Deluxe Strobe. Quik Pro offers various "deluxe" models with large lights as seen here.|alt=alt language
 +
File:Qpb.jpg|Manufacturer: 4 D Designs<br>Model: Quik Pro Basic. This has lights on the control unit only; players need to be aware of which color/number light is theirs.|alt=alt language
 +
File:Qpcombo.jpg|Manufacturer:  Quik Pro<br>Model: New Combo Quik Pro with ergonomic single-piece buzzers|alt=alt language
 +
File:QPcombo_quikpro.jpg|Manufacturer: Quik Pro<br>Model: Old-style Combo Quik Pro with rounded single-piece buzzers|alt=alt language
 +
File:Anderson-officiator.jpg|Manufacturer: Anderson<br>Model: Officiator with 10 desktop activators|alt=alt language
 +
File:Officiator16.png|Manufacturer: Anderson<br>Model: 32-player version of the Officiator Deluxe (since discontinued and replaced with the similar Officiator Elite). This comes with either the "paddle" or smaller handheld activators.|alt=alt language
 +
File:Ned-buzzer.jpg|Manufacturer: Novel Electronic Designs<br>Model: NED system with one handheld activator set up|alt=alt language
 +
File:Ned-setup.jpg|Manufacturer: Novel Electronic Designs<br>Model: NED system with eight desktop activators set up|alt=alt language
 +
File:Nedchain.png|Manufacturer: Novel Electronic Designs<br>Model: Part of the still-manufactured older design from NED/Buzzersytems.com, which they call the "chain link" system, using Ethernet-style connectors|alt=alt language
 +
File:Zeecraft-challenger1.jpg|Manufacturer: Zeecraft<br>Model: Challenger I|alt=alt language
 +
File:Zeecraft-challenger2.jpg|Manufacturer: Zeecraft<br>Model: Challenger II in the case.|alt=alt language
 +
File:4-1.jpg|Manufacturer: Zeecraft<br>Model: Challenger II view approximating game-usable setup. Note: The distinguishing features of the various Zeecraft models are on the control unit; the different styles of activators are generally interchangeable from one model to another.|alt=alt language
 +
File:S-l1600.jpg|Manufacturer: Zeecraft<br>Model: Challenger II with single-piece style individual light activators. The "BUZZ IN" stickers were applied by the manufacturer and often appear on this model of activator.|alt=alt language
 +
File:Challenger-tabletop.jpg|Manufacturer: Zeecraft<br>Model: Challenger II with the less-often seen large light tabletop units|alt=alt language
 +
File:Challenger3.jpg|Manufacturer: Zeecraft<br>Model: A Challenger III control unit|alt=alt language
 +
File:Svbz.jpg|Manufacturer: SVBZ<br>Model: Full SVBZ system|alt=alt language
 +
File:Svbzblue.jpg|Manufacturer: SVBZ<br>Model: A lit-up SVBZ activator with their most common light design.|alt=alt language.
 +
File:Svbz_round.jpg|Manufacturer: SVBZ<br>Model: Large, round activator used in the last years of SVBZ|alt=alt language
 +
File:Bolling-funb.jpg|Manufacturer: Boling<br>Model: Funbuzzer with two activators visible|alt=alt language
 +
File:Funbuzzer.jpg|Manufacturer: Boling<br>Model: Full view of the Funbuzzer|alt=alt language
 +
File:Shomesmartlight.jpg|Manufacturer: Sho-Me Systems<br>Model: Smart Light|alt=alt language
 +
File:Quiz_equipment_basic_quizbox.jpg|Manufacturer: Quiz Equipment<br>Model: Basic Quiz Box. These systems are modular and are sold with the buyer's choice of control unit/activator unit style combinations.|alt=alt language
 +
File:Buzzer-board-organized.jpg|Manufacturer: Quiz Equipment<br>Model: "Buzzer Board" marketed to Bible Bowl participants|alt=alt language
 +
File:Qz825.jpg|Manufacturer: UniAsia<br>Model: QZ825, a Hong Kong-manufactured system often seen on eBay for a low cost|alt=alt language
 +
File:Trebisky.jpg|Manufacturer: Trebisky<br>Low-cost China-made system of dubious quality heavily promoted online|alt=alt language
 +
File:Ion-electricals-india.webp|Manufacturer: Ion Electricals<br>Model: System used in [[Indian quizzing]]|alt=alt language
 +
File:Nasco.png|Manufacturer: Nasco<br>Model: Classroom Challenger|alt=alt language
 +
File:Quizmaster.png|Manufacturer: Erickson<br>Model: Quizmaster|alt=alt language
 +
File:Quizamatic.png|Manufacturer: University Research Company<br>Model: Classic Quizamatic. The physical bell which produces the sound upon "buzzing" is visible.|alt=alt language
 +
File:8366d3093dc379e431be6e14f8ac7d21.jpg|Manufacturer: University Research Company<br>Model: The Quizamatic Professional, featuring individual player lights and College Bowl branding.|alt=alt language
 +
File:Quizamaticset.jpg|Manufacturer: University Research Company<br>Model: One team set up for the Quiz-a-Matic Professional|alt=alt language
 +
File:Esl-slamsystem.png|Manufacturer: ESL<br>Model: Slam System.|alt=alt language
 +
File:Prod_18222294424.jpg|Manufacturer: Trainers' Warehouse<br>Model: Me First Answer Dome (wireless system)|alt=alt language
 +
File:Quizsystems-QS2000A.jpg|Manufacturer: Quiz Systems<br>Model: QS2000A|alt=alt language
 +
File:Img_1229.webp|Manufacturer: QuizSystems.com<br>Model: Closer view of part of a QuizSystems buzzer system|alt=alt language
 +
File:Img_1232.webp|Manufacturer: Logitek<br>Model: Quiztron|alt=alt language
 +
File:Jembuzzbox.jpg|Manufacturer: JEM<br>Model: Buzz Box|alt=alt language
 +
File:Edapi-questionairre.jpg|Manufacturer: EDAPI<br>Model: Genius Game (showing control unit only without activators)|alt=alt language
 +
File:BigDaddy_10-Player_System_400.jpg|Manufacturer: Affordable Buzzers<br>Model: Big Daddy. These buzzers require connecting to a computer to function and are not considered usable by most mainstream quizbowl.|alt=alt language
 +
File:PowerGrip-wired-full-system-16-9.jpg|Manufacturer: Affordable Buzzers<br>Model: PowerGrip. These buzzers require connecting to a computer to function and are not considered usable by most mainstream quizbowl.|alt=alt language
 +
File:Rollsg76.jpg|Manufacturer: Rolls<br>Model: GS76RL|alt=alt language
 +
File:Jbq.jpg|Manufacturer: JBQ<br>Model: "Bar" system formerly used in Junior Bible Quiz|alt=alt language
 +
File:Tanddenterprisesthequizzer.jpg|Manufacturer: T&D Enterprises<br>Model: The Quizzer in the case|alt=alt language
 +
File:Tdquizzer2.jpg|Manufacturer: T&D Enterprises<br>Model: Another view of The Quizzer|alt=alt language
 +
File:Thequizzr3.jpg|Manufacturer: T&D Enterprises<br>Model: The Quizzer with a lit-up activator|alt=alt language
 +
File:Creative-engineering-gsm-plus.jpg|Manufacturer: Creative Imagineering<br>Model: Lockout Plus|alt=alt language
 +
File:Edinsights.jpg|Manufacturer: Educational Insights<br>Model: Quiz Bowl buzzer set|alt=alt language
 +
File:maplin-quizzer.jpg|Manufacturer: Maplin<br>Model: Quizzer/Priority Quiz Buzzer. This system was published as a schematic in a UK electronics hobbyist magazine in 1993, with instructions on including any desired number of individual activators|alt=alt language
 +
File:Gameshowpro-learningware.jpg|Manufacturer: Learning Ware<br>Model: Game Show Pro|alt=alt language
 +
File:S-l16002.webp|Manufacturer: Electro Systems Corp<br>Model: Quiz Mate|alt=alt language
 +
</gallery>
 +
 +
==Reference for common buzzer parts & repair tools==
 +
 +
*Anderson power pack - available on their website http://www.andersonbuzzersystems.com/replacementparts.html, if using a third-party power supply, set output to 9V and use the 3.5mm connector (off-the-shelf power packs should come with an assortment of connectors)
 +
*Bulbs for Zeecraft "showtime" activators - #47 or #1847 "bayonet" or "pinball" style such as these: https://www.amazon.com/dp/B09LC968GK (LED) or https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B00455IHYM (traditional incandescent filament) Note - Modern LED bulbs placed in older Zeecraft systems will glow faintly whenever the system is plugged in, but they will still clearly get much brighter when the player buzzes and are entirely usable for the purposes of a buzzer. If you can get old incandescent bulbs, they won't do this, but they are more expensive, you will have to replace them more often and, at some point in the future, such bulbs will no longer be made.
 +
*Bulbs for NED systems - while these look superficially similar to the Zeecraft bulbs they are not interchangeable. NED sells replacement LED bulbs here: https://buzzersystems.com/product/light-bulb-long-life-red/ and the specs per their page are 12-14V, 25mA, T 3-1/4 BA9S size
 +
*Fuses for QuikPro systems - 0.5 amp 1" x 1 1/4" glass tube, e.g. these: https://www.amazon.com/dp/B000BXHWAM
 +
*Soldering iron for wire connections - any kind, available anywhere hardware is sold
 +
*Crimping kit for RJ11 ("phone jack") and RJ45 ("Ethernet") tab connectors used by QuikPro, Zeecraft, and other manufacturers - https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B0756SN86D or any similar kit plus pack of connectors https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B008EAK1FM
 +
*Screwdrivers are needed for opening Anderson units to fix sunken bulbs, opening Zeecraft showtime light units to replace the bulbs, and other general repair tasks. These will be included in most crimping kits, otherwise supply your own.
 +
 +
Keeping the above tools and parts with your buzzer can save a tournament from running short.
 +
 +
*Buzzer cases: All extant manufacturers sell bags or cases that are intended to fit their buzzers; check the appropriate websites. Otherwise, nearly every system will fit into one of the following options:
 +
**16 or 20 inch toolboxes:  https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B000HD60PE or https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B0032Y8RIS, also available at any store that sells hardware or fishing supplies
 +
**"Catalog cases" - for example https://www.amazon.com/Solo-New-York-Classic-USLB1514/dp/B000IJ9O8W/ - these are what NED sells for their systems. The difference between a small "catalog case" and a large "laptop case" is somewhat blurry, so look into all options for the dimensions you need.
 +
**Nearly any system besides the full-size Zeecrafts and the Quik Pro Deluxe will fit in an ordinary household storage bin like this: https://www.amazon.com/Tribello-Clear-Plastic-Storage-Containers/dp/B08H8X25XZ which are sold everywhere
 +
**The new miniaturized Anderson system, original-style Quizamatics, and QuizPro basic systems will fit in an average cardboard shoebox.
  
 
==External Links==
 
==External Links==
 +
*[https://www.hsquizbowl.org/forums/viewtopic.php?f=30&t=22829 So You Want to Buy a Buzzer System]
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*[http://www.mattsbuzzers.com/ Matt's Buzzers]
 
*[http://www.andersonbuzzersystems.com/ Anderson Buzzer Systems]
 
*[http://www.andersonbuzzersystems.com/ Anderson Buzzer Systems]
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*[http://www.buzzersystems.com/ Buzzersystems.com]
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*[http://www.buzzersystems.com/ BuzzerSystems.com]
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*[http://www.c-e-d-inc.com/ Creative Electronic Design (Quiz Wizard II)]
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*[http://www.quikprosystems.com/ Quik Pro]
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*[http://www.electramaticinc.com/index.htm Electramatic, Inc;  Producers of "The Judge"]
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*[http://www.zeecraft.com/ Zeecraft Tech]
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*[http://www.quizco.com/ Quizco, Inc.]
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*[https://www.delcomproducts.com/productdetails.asp?PartNumber=706400-1M Delcom USB Handheld Buzzer]
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*[http://www.svbz.com/ SVBZ Quiz Buzzers]
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*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xOMwm8EAXb8 A Quiz-a-Matic buzzer system being tested]
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*[http://www.zeecraft.com/ Zeecraft Tech.]
 
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*[http://www.patrickspress.com/buzzers1.htm Quik Pro]
 
  
 
[[Category: Quizbowl basics]]
 
[[Category: Quizbowl basics]]
 
[[Category:Buzzers]]
 
[[Category:Buzzers]]
 
[[Category:Original QBWiki Page]]
 
[[Category:Original QBWiki Page]]

Latest revision as of 14:02, 25 May 2024

The Judge

Buzzer system, buzzer, and lockout system are the common names for the device used to indicate which player has signaled their desire to answer a question first. Such systems are necessary for all standard quizbowl games because they make it clear which player was the first to attempt to answer a question.

While using a buzzer system, players buzz to answer a question. Other players are prevented from buzzing ("locked out") after one player has buzzed until the system is reset.

A buzzer system consists of a control unit that sits near the moderator, which connects to individual buttons or paddles held by each player. When a player buzzes in, the system produces a sound and activates a light indicating which player buzzed. Many more expensive systems have individual lights next to each player, while most lower-priced systems have smaller lights or light only on the control unit.

Almost all tournaments require some number of teams to bring buzzers in order to have enough to run the tournament properly; for this reason, Tournament directors usually offer a discount to teams that bring a buzzer. When too few buzzers are present, teams must play slapbowl, where buzzing is indicated by slapping the desk or saying something like "buzz." This is no longer common in the vast majority of modern quizbowl tournaments.

Online tournaments typically use an online buzzer system like Buzzin.live, which functions for players in much the same way as an in-person buzzer. It is possible to use USB buzzers attached to players' computers as the activator for online buzzers, though this is not necessary and generally either a mouse or a phone touchscreen is used. While physical buzzers may use pure electronic hardware logic to determine who has buzzed first, online systems used in serious tournament play must account for varying Internet speed/lag through various approaches, in order to actually determine who has buzzed first in real time rather than who has the best connection to the server.

History of Quizbowl Buzzers

The earliest quizbowl-style competitions appeared to use either a system of hand-raising (sometimes with other officials activating a buzzer after seeing a hand raised) or shouting the answer before the other team. The College Bowl TV show implemented a buzzer system as part of its studio set, but portable buzzers took longer to emerge. The Berry College team in 1971 created a home-made portable buzzer system while a patent for a portable buzzer system was filed in 1972. Previous "lockout" buzzer systems had been used by Bible Bowl as early as the 1950s, but they were apparently not very portable. John P. Reynolds of Dayton, OH, who was likely affiliated with Bible Bowl, is the inventor of the buzzer system under the most straightforward interpretation of the concepts of "inventor" and "buzzer system."

To be usable in quizbowl, buzzer systems now have some kind of light that indicates who buzzed in first, as well as a sound that alerts the reader to stop reading the question and look for the light. Some older buzzer systems used a mechanical bell or other physical device instead of making a "buzz" sound. All currently manufactured systems play an electronically synthesized tone of some kind, with the QuikPro being closest to an onomatopoeiac "buzz" sound. Most current systems use two or more tones of different pitches and/or lengths, so that which of the teams has buzzed can be determined by sound alone before searching for the individual player using the lights.

Schematic for an electromechanical buzzer used in Bible Bowl
Schematic for an electromechanical buzzer used in Bible Bowl (back)

Instructions on building a modern computerized buzzer set using a printed circuit board may be found here. This document is from 1996 but presumably all fully electronic buzzers work basically the same way.

Choosing a buzzer system (2019 Em Gunter post)

There are many things to take into consideration when deciding which buzzer system to purchase including price, durability, portability, and other factors. Below is a brief overview of Em Gunter's guide to choosing a buzzer system on the hsquizbowl.org forums. This covers 4 of the most commonly seen systems that can still be purchased as of March 2020 (thus leaving out The Judge, which appears to be unavailable for purchase anymore, but which due to its near-indestructibility remains present on many circuits).

Anderson Buzzers: [$265-$290]

Anderson buzzers come in two versions: daisy-chained boxes and individual hand-held indicators. purchasing the daisy-chained version is suggested due to their ease of use and high durability. When disassembled these buzzers only have 4 parts making it nearly impossible to accidentally leave part of the system lying around. The control unit is a simple box and each strip of buzzers connects on either side of the unit. These buzzers are extremely durable and are only known to fail in cases of extreme negligence. Andersons are the cheapest and most reliable buzzers that can be purchased and are often recommended over any other system. In general, it is a much better idea to purchase two sets of Andersons rather than a single set of QuikPros or Zeecrafts due to the far superior build of the Andersons. The one downside, however, to Andersons is that the AC adapter for the system is extremely short so purchasing an extension cord is highly suggested.

BuzzerSystems.com Buzzers: [~$299]

The buzzers from BuzzerSystems.com feature a control unit with individual activators contained within boxes that connect to the control unit by audio cables. The control unit features a reset button and 16 ports to allow the support of up to 16 players which is higher than any other commonly found system. Set up of this system is slightly more complicated than the Andersons because you have to plug a cable into each individual activator and a port on the control unit. Players who enjoy holding their activator but are seeking a higher quality or cheaper set will most likely prefer this set over Andersons. The main downside to this system is the quality of the cables that come with the set when you purchase it. When purchasing this system it is recommended that you additionally invest in a set of replacement cables that can be found at Amazon or a local electronics retailer.

QuikPro Buzzers: [$289-$489]

QuikPro buzzers come in two general types. You either have hand-held activators directly connected to the control unit from a single connection or individual lights with hand-held activators attached. The version with hand-held activators but not lights are generally far more reliable than the version with individual lights. QuikPro buzzers use cables similar to those used for home telephones and the connectors are often prone to snapping. The reset button on QuikPro buzzers can often fail due to poor wiring and may require the splicing of new wire in for continued functionality. The set up of this system is fairly simple but there are many cords that can easily get tangled or damaged which can increase set up and tear down time significantly compared to other systems.

Zeecraft Buzzers: [$465-$730]

These are by far the most expensive buzzers you can buy and while they look extremely nice they don't hold up very well. Many people have experience with these sets as they commonly show up at various national championship tournaments. Zeecraft systems have 8 individual lights with individual hand-held activators. The individual lights themselves are extremely fragile and will crack or pop off if they fall on the ground or jostle inside the case. The buzzers connect to the control unit using telephone cables and the clips on these tend to snap off quite easily. The craftmanship of Zeecraft buzzers is inferior to that of other systems. The soldering is often messy and these systems fail significantly sooner than other systems available for purchase. Additionally, Zeecrafts are incredibly time-consuming to set up and take even longer to put away due to the barely-big-enough case designed for the system. Taking into account the very high cost and lack of durability it is suggested that you stay away from Zeecraft buzzers for individual team use.

Model-specific information

This table is intended to aggregate information about all models of buzzer that are usable for ordinary NAQT/ACF-style quizbowl, including those that are no longer manufactured. Systems that may be suitable only for Knowledge Bowl or other peripheral formats will be added in the future.

Manufacturer Model Still being made as of 2022? Lowest cost for usable system[1] Advantages Disadvantages
4 D Designs Combo Quik Pro Yes $395 This newer system is a good balance of the Quik Pro's benefits with innovations to make it more compact and less fragile. The individual activators have a button set in the middle of a light and are permanently hardwired together; the only thing to plug in is one connector per team. The whole system fits in a shoebox and is only a few inches larger than the miniaturized Anderson system so it's one of the most portable. All Quik Pro models except the Basic have a small timer mounted to the system - this can be used for various game timing functions though it is not visible to the players like the Zeecraft timers are. Because each team side is permanently hardwired, the individual activators are not modular; if you have an 8-player system and one activator fails then there is no way to "switch it out" and the whole thing has to be sent in for repair. However, the system seems to be fairly durable and may not have this issue often. The only connector in the system is the unusual Quik Pro data port, so there's no off-the-shelf extension available like there is for phone/Ethernet/RCA style cords; conversely, when the connectors are long enough to accommodate a medium-sized classroom, it's recommended to tape them down to the floor to avoid tripping hazards. Repairs for Quik Pro systems tend to be expensive in comparison to other manufacturers.
4 D Designs Quik Pro Basic Yes $289 Good loud buzzing sound, affordable cost, extremely compact and easy to set up (just plug it into the wall and you're done). Lights on control unit only (no light physically in front of each player).
4 D Designs Quik Pro Deluxe Yes $489 "Siren" style lights are the most visible available and are good for larger rooms or for formats that require recognizing by buzzer color. They are easily recognized as a "buzzer system" even when not plugged in and are a good eye-catching aid in recruitment environments such as activities fairs. Timer included. Plastic on sirens cracks fairly easily, especially if you're trying to balance the whole system on a classroom desk where it will inevitably fall off. Recommend using some velcro/tape to secure the components to the desk surface to try to avoid this happening too often. RJ11 connectors have the usual issues (perhaps even more so since unlike the Zeecraft the connector end goes into the individual buzzer rather than the control unit and will be moving around constantly) so be prepared to perform maintenance.
4 D Designs Quik Pro Deluxe Strobe Yes $518 Strobe may be a good solution for improving visibility in very large rooms. Timer included. Same as the Deluxe.
Anderson Enterprises Officiator Elite Yes $448 By far the simplest and most compact system for accommodating more than 10 players, e.g. at large practices or in certain "Bee" formats. Variable volume control. Lights on control unit only (no light physically in front of each player).
Anderson Enterprises Officiator Handheld/Handpad Yes $320 Probably the best connector style for detachable handheld activators - they don't tend to fall out like the NEDs or break like the Zeecraft/QuikPros. Available in cylinder button or "slap-pad" styles. Variable volume control. Lights on control unit only (no light physically in front of each player).
Anderson Enterprises Officiator Tabletop Yes $290 Generally considered one of the best values for a new buzzer - despite the issues mentioned here you can usually get a few years out of it before sending it in for a cheap repair. Very appealing when looking at long-term cost of ownership. Variable volume control. Since 2020 or so this system has been offered in a miniaturized version that's easier to transport and so far seems to have fewer of the maintenance issues. Anderson has a good reputation for effective customer service & affordable repairs when needed. The cords from the first buzzer in each team chain to the control unit are fairly long and work for almost any room setup without worrying about purchasing extensions. Hard-wired connections on both sides of 8 out of 10 activators mean there is no way to pack the system without stressing and, sooner or later, breaking the wires. Reset button can stick. LEDs on activators will often sink into the unit, though this is fairly easy to repair. Power pack is fragile and is subject to the wire breaking/fraying or the pack simply ceasing to work after a period of time. A lot of players have an annoying habit of covering the light on these systems when they buzz, so you will need to remind people not to do that.
Boling[2] Funbuzzer Yes $445
Edapi Genius Game Yes ~$365[3]
Novel Electronic Designs/BuzzerSystems.com 10-Player Quiz System Yes $360 Of the major manufacturers, NED systems are probably the most historically reliable in terms of need for repair per hour of use, and they tend to accumulate less visible wear and tear over time than similarly priced systems. The RCA-style connectors used in these systems are imperfect and are too easily yanked out by normal movement or loosened over time. Securing the connections with additional tape etc. is recommended if feasible for your use conditions. This model doesn't have lights in front of the players.
Novel Electronic Designs/BuzzerSystems.com High-Visibility Buzzer System Yes $559 Same as other NED systems plus larger individual desktop lights. Same as other NED systems.
Novel Electronic Designs/BuzzerSystems.com Line-Up Chain-Link Quiz System Yes $645 Same as other NED systems. The handheld activators that go to the desktop units have the same issue as other NED systems with RCA connectors. The other connectors in this system are eight-pin style similar to Anderson connectors.
Novel Electronic Designs/BuzzerSystems.com Team-Box Quiz System Yes $475 Same as other NED systems. Lights on control unit only (no light physically in front of each player). Same issue with RCA connectors.
Novel Electronic Designs/BuzzerSystems.com Traditional Buzzer System – BASIC Yes $339 Same as other NED systems. Same as other NED systems.
Novel Electronic Designs/BuzzerSystems.com Who's Next? Buzzer System Yes $399 Offers a functionality for determining who buzzed second, third, etc that can be switched on or off as desired. Same as other NED systems.
Quiz Equipment A/G Quizbox Yes $465 Quiz Equipment activators are all modular and are available in various form factors including slap-pads and handheld cylinders.
Quiz Equipment Basic Quizbox Yes $305
Quiz Equipment Quizbowl Quizbox Yes $436
Quiz Equipment World Bible Quiz system Yes $535
QuizSystems QS2000A Yes $260
Rolls GS76RL Game Show Controller ? Lists for $189 new though currently sold out, not sure if more are being manufactured Compact but still has individual lights The reset button does not clear the system if someone is holding down one of the activator buttons
Trebisky Game Show Buzzer Yes $90 The lowest-priced new system, and is sold through Amazon so has lots of payment options. Extremely fragile system using very cheap components that is likely to arrive with at least one activator already broken. There is no way that this system will stand up to the ordinary wear and tear of travel or game use. The system as designed theoretically meets tournament usability requirements, but in reality is probably not suited for actual quizbowl team needs and is better used for non-quizbowl classroom or entertainment applications.
Triple-Q/Sho-Me Smart Light Yes $450 The images of this system look identical to the JBQ bar system - possibly the original manufacturer was acquired by Triple Q?
UniAsia[4] QZ-825 Yes $115 At this price, if you can get 2 years out of them, it's probably worth it even if they don't last longer than that. From pictures, this seems to be basically the same design as the no-longer-made SVBZ buzzers, which proved somewhat fragile and difficult to set up.
Zeecraft Challenger I Yes $495 All Challenger models accommodate either the "regular buzzer" (unit with button and small light for each player), the "Showtime handgrip" ("trigger" style buzzer with separate large rectangular light unit for each player), or the "Showtime tabletop" (the smaller square light unit). Loud buzzing tone that's less harsh than the QuikPro. RJ11 connectors break easily, though these are fairly simple to repair. The Showtime handgrips have large plastic covers that will probably crack if dropped repeatedly; as with the Quik Pro Deluxe, you should try to secure them to the table when using to avoid this. Properly setting up and repacking the system, including using velcro or tape to avoid damage to the Showtime units, takes longer than any other currently manufactured buzzer (though not as long as the SVBZ).
Zeecraft Challenger II Yes $610 Various built-in timing functions; can show a visible countdown for an NAQT-style game clock or rules such as 5 seconds per bonus part, etc. RJ11 connectors break easily, though these are fairly simple to repair.
Zeecraft Challenger III Yes $720 Adds lights on the control unit to the Challenger II features. RJ11 connectors break easily, though these are fairly simple to repair.
Zeecraft Discover Yes $365 Lights on control unit only (no light physically in front of each player).
Anderson Enterprises Officiator Deluxe No Model discontinued. The similar Officiator Elite is now offered instead. Has an LED screen on the control unit to display certain information about buzzing order.
Creative Electronic Designs Quiz Wizard II No Company is no longer in business. Can accommodate 16 players in large practice environments etc. Generally fairly durable; one or two buzzers may go dead but these systems are well over 20 years old and are still seen from time to time. Long cords. Everything is hardwired together, which combined with the cord length means it can become tangled, hence "The Knot." No way to do individual activator repairs. This system has no lights at all; when a player buzzes, the moderator must read their buzzer number from an LCD screen. Annoyingly, the buzzers are numbered A1 through A4, B1 through B4, C1 through C4, and D1 through D4, which means you shouldn't use both D and B in a game since those are hard to distinguish. The buzzer numbers inscribed on the activators wear off over time so the only way to determine the numbers is for everyone to remember what comes up at the buzzer check. The additional step of calling out the buzzer number means that these systems should probably not be used in timed games (e.g. official NAQT national events). For a "barebones" system with no special features, the unit is surprisingly large; it takes up about as much space as a Quik Pro Deluxe or other system that uses that space to provide individual light units to each player.
Educational Technologies Inquisitor No Company is no longer in business.
Electramatic The Judge ??? Electramatic has always had a very basic and uninformative web presence. It may still be possible to order this system by phone, or not. Simple setup (basically just take the single hard-wired mass of equipment out of the case). Breaks easily, especially the covers on the lights which protrude from the case and are not protected in any way. Everything being hardwired together with relatively short cords means that there's little flexibility in adapting to room setups and it's extremely easy for one errant move to drag the whole system to the floor. No lights in front of individual players. Confusing "timer" function on the reset switch often causes problems with uncleared buzzers in games.
JEM Buzz Box Maybe
Logitek Quiztron No Company is no longer in business. Buzzer lights are encased in the most enormous pieces of translucent plastic known in any buzzer system, with twelve panes over a foot long used in each system. This means they are very easily cracked and the remaining examples of these buzzers all look very beat-up.
Novel Electronic Designs/BuzzerSystems.com Deluxe System No Model discontinued. The similar Line-Up Chain-Link Quiz System is now offered instead.
Paléogénies Génies-Box Maybe
Pitsco Quiz Wizard I No Pitsco Education is still in business and will likely be able to repair old systems, but they no longer manufacture new buzzers. Very durable, compact, easy-to-set-up system. Lights on console only, no individual player lights. The system does a 3-second "self-test" routine every time it is reset rather than just when initially powered up, which is annoying and in timed formats possibly makes it unusable.
QuizCo The Quiz Machine No Company is no longer in business. Can extend lengths with off-the-shelf RCA cords. Electronic design of this system is completely dependent on "daisy chain" signal pass-through; one dead activator or cord will make every subsequent unit in the string unusable, so testing and avoiding disturbing the cords throughout the game becomes even more important than usual. System exhibits other weird behavior at times (e.g., touching anything conductive to the cord ports will cause the buzzer to go off).
SVBZ SVBZ System No Company is no longer in business. Both an AC adapter and a battery powered mode (9-volt) are available by default. This system uses a huge tree of wires to connect the activators to the control unit and must be totally pulled apart and separated (preferably in individual plastic bags or similar) before being repacked. If you try to pack it up without undoing all the connections even once it will become a hopeless tangle and require 15+ minutes of work to get back to a usable state. Components are cheap and fail often. With SVBZ out of business and the system out of warranty, you should only use this system if you can acquire 2 of them, as that is the only way to have a reasonable shot at pulling enough working parts to make one fully usable system. All connections need to be pushed together as tightly as possible or buzzers will stop working and you will have to hunt through the spiderweb of wires to find the problem. Many people find the buzzing noise on this system to be harsh/unpleasant.
University Research Company Quiz-a-Matic Professional No Company is no longer in business. Adds individual colored lights and a detachable handheld cylinder-button activator to the original Q-a-M design. Branded with College Bowl logo.
University Research Company Quiz-a-Matic No Company is no longer in business. Very reliable system with many units from 30+ years ago still functioning in quizbowl. Extremely good ergonomics on the button design, and a quaint "bell" sound is used for the buzzing noise. Each team side is hardwired together, so there is a possibility of wire stress when packing and it's not possible to replace just one buzzer. With the company defunct, unless you can figure out how to fix the electronics on your own, once the unit goes below 8 working activators it's done for.

Notes on buying used buzzers

Buzzer systems fairly often appear on resale websites, primarily eBay but also sometimes Etsy, Goodwill, and government auction aggregators. Often these were buzzers owned by secondary schools which closed and whose movable property was sold as a lot to a dealer, or systems formerly owned by non-quizbowl campus groups such as college activities offices affiliated with now-defunct programs (e.g. ACUI College Bowl).

  • Don't buy a buzzer that won't be usable - the most common system seen here is the Trebisky Game Show Buzzer, which is marketed to a more general audience than quizbowl and primarily uses eBay and Amazon to reach buyers. As mentioned above, while information on this system is included because its technical layout meets the criteria for quizbowl buzzers, it is not a good choice for a quizbowl team and will basically be a waste of money (or time as you return it). The UniAsia QZ-825 also appears on eBay very often; it's possible that this is a more reliable system, but it has not been seen in mainstream quizbowl yet and nothing can be said for sure.
  • Extend your search terms- Most people making these sales are not "quizbowl people" and are guessing at what the item is called. Search for "quiz buzzer," "lockout system," "trivia," brand names such as Quik Pro, Zeecraft, etc., and be prepared to scroll past a lot of false positives.
  • Read terms- A lot of bulk sellers will, as a policy, not test or guarantee any electronics. Buying an "as-is" buzzer system is a needless risk and should generally be treated as code for "buying a non-working system." Sometimes, smaller sellers will be willing to plug in and test a system if you tell them how to do it - remember, they are not quizbowl people, they will need a little nudge as to what you are looking for.
  • The value proposition of a used buzzer is totally different than a new one because you are getting a discount. The reasons that it might not make sense to pay $700 for a Zeecraft become almost irrelevant if someone is selling the same unit for $100. The least expensive new buzzers that are generally expected to be usable over the long term include the $289 QuikPro Basic, the $290 Anderson Officiator Tabletop, and the $360 NED 10-Player. If your budget is lower and you can at least be assured that what you are buying is returnable if it doesn't work, then almost any model of buzzer at substantially less than $289 becomes a good deal.
  • Don't be afraid to negotiate, including using eBay's offer system. Most sellers have no idea what prices "should" be and are open to considering lowering prices, especially if the item has been on sale for a while. The inverse of the above point is - if I can get a brand new buzzer for $290 then why would I pay $500 for one that's used, banged up, covered in pieces of tape and writing that says Blahville Middle School, etc? Many sellers will find this persuasive.
  • Discuss lowering shipping costs as well. Most systems can be sent through regular USPS for less than $30. If someone insists on charging more and this brings the total cost of the purchase beyond what makes sense, let them know.
  • Know what can be repaired on your end - burnt out light bulbs, broken phone jacks, etc. are easy; completely nonfunctional electronic boards aren't. Once you know what you can repair, see what discounted "broken" systems may not be so broken after all. A system that is still supported but is missing one or two working activators might still prove a good deal after calculating the total cost of buying the used system and ordering replacement activators from the manufacturer.

Overall, buying used can be a great option for those on a very limited budget or clubs looking to buy a second or third buzzer in an open-ended timeframe. You will almost always find something usable for under $200 if you know how to search and have a little patience. The more of these units that are brought back into the mainstream quizbowl ecosystem, the better it will be for the issue of supplying buzzers to tournaments.

Purchasing a buzzer system

New quiz bowl programs commonly ask how and where to buy a buzzer system. Overtime all buzzers break down, so it is often better to purchase more durable systems such as Andersons, which are the cheapest and provide good warranties, than to a more expensive system because it looks better or you have heard rumors that it is less likely to fail. Local civic organizations are a good place to reach out to if your school division denies funding for a buzzer system.

There are other concerns about buying a buzzer system for quiz bowl:

  • Quiz bowl does not use "self-resetting" systems; you should buy a buzzer with a moderator reset button.
  • Wireless buzzer systems are inappropriate for tournament play due to the potential for lag.
  • Phone- and tablet-based buzzer systems are inappropriate for tournament play and serious practice due to the potential for distraction or cheating by using such devices' other functions.
  • Battery-operated buzzer systems will require you to always keep spare batteries in the case in the event of a mid-tournament battery failure. For tournament use, systems plugging into building power are preferred (it helps to keep an extension cord in the case because some rooms have inconveniently-located power outlets).
  • Individual player lights on or next to each player's buzzer make it easier for everyone to recognize who has buzzed in first.

Matt's Buzzers

Matt's Buzzers is a charity set up by Sheryl and Mike Cvijanovich, the parents of Matt Cvijanovich. It awards grants to teams seeking to buy buzzer systems. These grants are given in Matt's honor.

Buzzer exhibit

The Fondren Library at Rice University displays three buzzer systems formerly used by the Rice team as part of an exhibit on the history of Rice's quizbowl program.

Terminology

"Buzzer system" (used in most mainstream quizbowl) and "lockout system" (used in College Bowl) are the most common terms. Game shows such as Jeopardy! that use similar systems refer to them as a "signaling device." The terms "indicator system," "lockout/indicator," and "quiz box" are seen occasionally.

The rules of at least two high school leagues in 2022 (one in Ohio and one in Georgia) still use the trademarked model name "Quiz-a-Matic" to refer to buzzers in general, despite the fact that the Quiz-a-Matic has not been manufactured since 1996, suggesting that this system was once so common that its name began to genericize.

Official systems

While almost all tournaments allow any buzzer that meets their technical requirements and rarely have the luxury of turning away any working buzzers supplied by teams, some models are more common in certain environments:

  • NHBB endorses the Anderson Officiator to teams and uses that model for their company-owned reserve of buzzers.
  • NAQT owns several dozen NED buzzers and does, or formerly did, have many company-owned Judges as well.
  • VHSL Scholastic Bowl uses a stock of Quik Pro Deluxe buzzers at its state tournament and endorses Quik Pro for purchase by participating teams. Scholastic Bowl-only programs almost invariably own a Quik Pro Deluxe with the siren-style buzzers; other models appear at regional-level VHSL tournaments only when more active teams that purchased buzzers outside of VHSL's recommendation supply them.
  • Off-TV College Bowl used Zeecraft Challenger I buzzers at its official events after University Research Company stopped making its prior official buzzer, the Quizamatic, in 1996. The purchase of this model by colleges running intramural tournaments and the subsequent end of the College Bowl campus program may explain this buzzer's frequent appearance on secondhand resale websites.
  • The Creative Electronic Designs Quiz Wizard II was the official buzzer used by Certamen teams. As of 2023, now that the Quiz Wizard II is no longer being made, the NJCL is making and repairing its own systems. As Certamen involves 12 players at a time, not all quizbowl systems are usable for this format.
  • Televised high school quizbowl shows that don't build their own custom buzzers through the TV station's engineers often use Zeecrafts with the Showtime activators, which are fairly easily modified to output to a large light in front of a podium.

The Quik Pro Deluxe "siren" style buzzers provide some advantage in games played before large audiences, as they have by far the largest lights, and the only large lights that are omnidirectional, of any available system. In extreme cases (e.g. national finals games played on stages in hotel conference rooms in front of hundreds of people) there is no out-of-the-box buzzer that lights up brightly enough to overcome the combined effects of the stage lighting and the size of the room, and the audience has to rely on listening to who is answering the question to determine who buzzed. The only way to overcome this is to re-route the light bulb socket in a buzzer that uses lamps (such as certain Zeecraft or NED models) to a larger, more powerful light on the front of the players' table/podium; outside of televised events, this method was once commonly done at the National Academic Championship and was used for the finals of the 2004 PACE NSC.

Gallery of buzzer systems

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    Manufacturer: Quizco
    Model: The Quiz Machine (aka the "QuizDuck" for its unique quack-like buzzing sound).

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    Manufacturer: Quizco
    Model: The 4-team, 20-player version of the Quiz Machine.

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    Manufacturer:Paléogénies
    Model: Génies-Box used for Génies en herbe and related competitions in Quebec

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    Manufacturer: Pitsco
    Model: Quiz Wizard I

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    Manufacturer: Creative Electronic Designs
    Model: Quiz Wizard II aka "The Knot"

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    Manufacturer: Electramatic
    Model: The Judge

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    Manufacturer:
    Model: Bible Bowl system that was produced by third-party builders & also made freely available as a schematic

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    Manufacturer: 4 D Designs
    Model: Quik Pro Deluxe Strobe. Quik Pro offers various "deluxe" models with large lights as seen here.

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    Manufacturer: 4 D Designs
    Model: Quik Pro Basic. This has lights on the control unit only; players need to be aware of which color/number light is theirs.

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    Manufacturer: Quik Pro
    Model: New Combo Quik Pro with ergonomic single-piece buzzers

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    Manufacturer: Quik Pro
    Model: Old-style Combo Quik Pro with rounded single-piece buzzers

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    Manufacturer: Anderson
    Model: Officiator with 10 desktop activators

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    Manufacturer: Anderson
    Model: 32-player version of the Officiator Deluxe (since discontinued and replaced with the similar Officiator Elite). This comes with either the "paddle" or smaller handheld activators.

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    Manufacturer: Novel Electronic Designs
    Model: NED system with one handheld activator set up

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    Manufacturer: Novel Electronic Designs
    Model: NED system with eight desktop activators set up

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    Manufacturer: Novel Electronic Designs
    Model: Part of the still-manufactured older design from NED/Buzzersytems.com, which they call the "chain link" system, using Ethernet-style connectors

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    Manufacturer: Zeecraft
    Model: Challenger I

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    Manufacturer: Zeecraft
    Model: Challenger II in the case.

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    Manufacturer: Zeecraft
    Model: Challenger II view approximating game-usable setup. Note: The distinguishing features of the various Zeecraft models are on the control unit; the different styles of activators are generally interchangeable from one model to another.

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    Manufacturer: Zeecraft
    Model: Challenger II with single-piece style individual light activators. The "BUZZ IN" stickers were applied by the manufacturer and often appear on this model of activator.

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    Manufacturer: Zeecraft
    Model: Challenger II with the less-often seen large light tabletop units

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    Manufacturer: Zeecraft
    Model: A Challenger III control unit

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    Manufacturer: SVBZ
    Model: Full SVBZ system

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    Manufacturer: SVBZ
    Model: A lit-up SVBZ activator with their most common light design.

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    Manufacturer: SVBZ
    Model: Large, round activator used in the last years of SVBZ

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    Manufacturer: Boling
    Model: Funbuzzer with two activators visible

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    Manufacturer: Boling
    Model: Full view of the Funbuzzer

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    Manufacturer: Sho-Me Systems
    Model: Smart Light

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    Manufacturer: Quiz Equipment
    Model: Basic Quiz Box. These systems are modular and are sold with the buyer's choice of control unit/activator unit style combinations.

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    Manufacturer: Quiz Equipment
    Model: "Buzzer Board" marketed to Bible Bowl participants

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    Manufacturer: UniAsia
    Model: QZ825, a Hong Kong-manufactured system often seen on eBay for a low cost

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    Manufacturer: Trebisky
    Low-cost China-made system of dubious quality heavily promoted online

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    Manufacturer: Ion Electricals
    Model: System used in Indian quizzing

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    Manufacturer: Nasco
    Model: Classroom Challenger

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    Manufacturer: Erickson
    Model: Quizmaster

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    Manufacturer: University Research Company
    Model: Classic Quizamatic. The physical bell which produces the sound upon "buzzing" is visible.

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    Manufacturer: University Research Company
    Model: The Quizamatic Professional, featuring individual player lights and College Bowl branding.

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    Manufacturer: University Research Company
    Model: One team set up for the Quiz-a-Matic Professional

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    Manufacturer: ESL
    Model: Slam System.

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    Manufacturer: Trainers' Warehouse
    Model: Me First Answer Dome (wireless system)

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    Manufacturer: Quiz Systems
    Model: QS2000A

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    Manufacturer: QuizSystems.com
    Model: Closer view of part of a QuizSystems buzzer system

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    Manufacturer: Logitek
    Model: Quiztron

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    Manufacturer: JEM
    Model: Buzz Box

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    Manufacturer: EDAPI
    Model: Genius Game (showing control unit only without activators)

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    Manufacturer: Affordable Buzzers
    Model: Big Daddy. These buzzers require connecting to a computer to function and are not considered usable by most mainstream quizbowl.

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    Manufacturer: Affordable Buzzers
    Model: PowerGrip. These buzzers require connecting to a computer to function and are not considered usable by most mainstream quizbowl.

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    Manufacturer: Rolls
    Model: GS76RL

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    Manufacturer: JBQ
    Model: "Bar" system formerly used in Junior Bible Quiz

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    Manufacturer: T&D Enterprises
    Model: The Quizzer in the case

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    Manufacturer: T&D Enterprises
    Model: Another view of The Quizzer

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    Manufacturer: T&D Enterprises
    Model: The Quizzer with a lit-up activator

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    Manufacturer: Creative Imagineering
    Model: Lockout Plus

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    Manufacturer: Educational Insights
    Model: Quiz Bowl buzzer set

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    Manufacturer: Maplin
    Model: Quizzer/Priority Quiz Buzzer. This system was published as a schematic in a UK electronics hobbyist magazine in 1993, with instructions on including any desired number of individual activators

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    Manufacturer: Learning Ware
    Model: Game Show Pro

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    Manufacturer: Electro Systems Corp
    Model: Quiz Mate

Reference for common buzzer parts & repair tools

  • Anderson power pack - available on their website http://www.andersonbuzzersystems.com/replacementparts.html, if using a third-party power supply, set output to 9V and use the 3.5mm connector (off-the-shelf power packs should come with an assortment of connectors)
  • Bulbs for Zeecraft "showtime" activators - #47 or #1847 "bayonet" or "pinball" style such as these: https://www.amazon.com/dp/B09LC968GK (LED) or https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B00455IHYM (traditional incandescent filament) Note - Modern LED bulbs placed in older Zeecraft systems will glow faintly whenever the system is plugged in, but they will still clearly get much brighter when the player buzzes and are entirely usable for the purposes of a buzzer. If you can get old incandescent bulbs, they won't do this, but they are more expensive, you will have to replace them more often and, at some point in the future, such bulbs will no longer be made.
  • Bulbs for NED systems - while these look superficially similar to the Zeecraft bulbs they are not interchangeable. NED sells replacement LED bulbs here: https://buzzersystems.com/product/light-bulb-long-life-red/ and the specs per their page are 12-14V, 25mA, T 3-1/4 BA9S size
  • Fuses for QuikPro systems - 0.5 amp 1" x 1 1/4" glass tube, e.g. these: https://www.amazon.com/dp/B000BXHWAM
  • Soldering iron for wire connections - any kind, available anywhere hardware is sold
  • Crimping kit for RJ11 ("phone jack") and RJ45 ("Ethernet") tab connectors used by QuikPro, Zeecraft, and other manufacturers - https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B0756SN86D or any similar kit plus pack of connectors https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B008EAK1FM
  • Screwdrivers are needed for opening Anderson units to fix sunken bulbs, opening Zeecraft showtime light units to replace the bulbs, and other general repair tasks. These will be included in most crimping kits, otherwise supply your own.

Keeping the above tools and parts with your buzzer can save a tournament from running short.

External Links

  • ↑ Lowest possible cost, excluding shipping and carrying case, for a new system in the model line that can currently be ordered from the manufacturer's website and meets NAQT's definition of an acceptable buzzer. Higher-priced variants with more features (e.g. additional player activators or a different style of activator), or lower-priced systems that are not usable for ordinary quizbowl (e.g. because they have fewer than eight activators), or usable lower-priced models that are no longer offered as new products and can only be acquired secondhand, may also be available. Information was researched and current as of 12/20/22.
  • ↑ This company appears to still be in business but their website is non-secure so the link is not included at this time.
  • ↑ This is a Quebec-based company which lists prices on its website in Canadian dollars. As of December 2022 the base price is CAD$495 which is US$364. Exchange rates vary over time and additional charges related to shipping or customs when ordering from the U.S. may apply.
  • ↑ This company appears to still be in business but does not have a website that I could find.
    • Retrieved from "https://www.qbwiki.com/w/index.php?title=Buzzer&oldid=64513"