Difference between revisions of "Tossup"

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{{Intro}}
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{{Intro and Rules}}
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<onlyinclude>
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A '''tossup''' (or '''toss-up''') is a question, usually containing several sentences, that is read out loud for both teams to attempt to answer. During a game, any player who believes they know the answer to a tossup can use their [[buzzer]] to [[interruption|interrupt]] the question and deliver an answer in an attempt to score points for their team. Tossup questions are the staple of gameplay for virtually all contemporary quizbowl.
  
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A '''tossup''' is a question that is read out loud to both teams. During a game, any player who believes they know the answer to a tossup can use their [[buzzer]] to interrupt the question and deliver an answer to attempt to score points for their team. The [[tossup-bonus format]], [[four-quarter format]], [[VHSL]] format, and all other known forms of contemporary quizbowl use tossup questions as the staple of gameplay.
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"[[Good quizbowl]]" advocates for tossups in [[pyramidality|pyramidal]] style, in which a question begins with more in-depth knowledge about the answer and progresses towards easier clues, the intent being that more knowledgeable teams should answer before less knowledgeable teams.
  
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A tossup typically contains several sentences describing the answer and ends with a "giveaway" clue about the answer. Players can buzz in anytime they think they know the answer. Tossups should be written in a [[pyramidality|pyramidal]] style, with the result being that more knowledgeable teams should buzz in before less knowledgeable teams. Points are awarded to the team of the person that answered the tossup correctly.
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In Britain, tossups may be called "'''starters'''."</onlyinclude>
  
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Tossups are usually worth 10 points. Variations on tossup rules include [[negs|neg penalties]], meaning that a team that buzzes in first with an incorrect while the question is being read has points deducted from their score, and [[powers]], meaning that a team that buzzes in during an early part of the question with a correct answer received more than the standard number of points.
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==Rules==
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Correctly-answered tossups are usually worth 10 points, though some tournaments allow for [[power]]s, in which an increased number of points, usually 15, is rewarded for a correct answer being given early in a tossup. When a player [[negs]], or gives an incorrect answer before the tossup's end, their team cannot attempt to answer the question again and, under some rules, loses points.  
  
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Though players do not have to begin their answer to a tossup question immediately after buzzing in, there are typically time limits involved in answering tossups. In [[ACF]], [[PACE]], and [[NHBB]] gameplay, players have five seconds to begin their answer; in the official [[NAQT]] rules, players have two seconds to begin. Additionally, if nobody buzzes in within five seconds (ACF and PACE rules) or three seconds (NAQT rules) of the end of a tossup, then it goes dead.  
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Players have a finite amount of time after buzzing to provide an answer. In [[ACF]], [[PACE]], and [[NHBB]] gameplay rules, players have five seconds to begin their answer, while under [[NAQT]] rules, players have only two seconds. Additionally, if nobody buzzes in within five seconds (under ACF and PACE rules) or three seconds (under NAQT rules) of the end of a tossup, it is considered "[[dead]]," and the next tossup is read instead of proceeding to a bonus.
  
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'''Example tossup'''
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==Components of a tossup==
  
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From [[ACF Fall]] 2012, Buffalo packet
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The question is broadly divided into its text, consisting of a number of [[clues]] arranged in order of descending difficulty, and its [[answerline]], which specifies the correct answers and [[prompts]].
  
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Nicolas Poussin painted this figure being helped by a faun onto a goat while looking at a putto attacking a young satyr. Four paintings also by Poussin depict this figure presenting weapons forged by Vulcan to her son. Jacques-Louis David's last painting shows this figure disarming Mars. Two paintings by Rubens depict this figure gazing into a mirror held by another son who has wings. Titian made a depiction of this goddess reclining on a couch in a painting commissioned by the Duke of Urbino. Botticelli painted the birth and arrival on a seashell of, for 10 points, what figure, the Roman goddess of love?<br>
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===The text===
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ANSWER: '''<u>Venus</u>''' [do not accept “Aphrodite”]
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The term "line" is used to describe either:
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# an individual clue (which, in turn, can mean either an individual fact or a sentence)
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# a sentence of the question
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# a line of text as it appears in the [[packet]] or the reading software used
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Every line embeds a [[pronoun]] specifying what is being asked for (e.g. "this person", "this country"). At an earlier point in quiz bowl's history, questions would frequently use vague pronouns like "this" or omit them entirely - these practices have been phased out and pronoun use is much more consistent.
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Identification of specific lines during discussions, in particular the '''first line''' (or [[lead-in]]), have ambiguity due to the different things it could refer to. It is not uncommon for individual sentences to span multiple lines of text and contain multiple clues; conversely, it is possible for multiple sentences to exist on a single line of text.
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Answering a question very early is colloquially referred to as '''first lining''' the question - in practice, the player has no way to actually know if there had only been one sentence read, let alone how long the text of that sentence appeared on the page. This misalignment in definition doesn't actually matter though, considering the phrase's primary use for bragging purposes.
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A tossup may contain a [[powermark]] to specify which portions of the question reward a player with additional points (a power). Text before the powermark is normally bolded to emphasize that the portion is "in power". The most common powermark is an asterisk in parentheses.
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Tournaments typically specific a range of lengths to expect from their questions defined in terms of either lines of text on the page or character count.
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===The answerline===
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:''See also: [[answerline]]''
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The answerline contains the list of acceptable answers for a question and are more or less identical in form between tossups and bonuses.
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===Example tossup===
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{{qq|
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Nicolas Poussin painted this figure being helped by a faun onto a goat while looking at a putto attacking a young satyr. Four paintings also by Poussin depict this figure presenting weapons forged by Vulcan to her son. Jacques-Louis David’s last painting shows this figure disarming Mars. Two paintings by Rubens depict this figure gazing into a mirror held by another son who has wings. Titian made a depiction of this goddess reclining on a couch in a painting commissioned by the Duke of Urbino. Botticelli painted the birth and arrival on a seashell of, for 10 points, what figure, the Roman goddess of love?
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ANSWER: <b><u>Venus</u></b> [do not accept “Aphrodite”]
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|cite=[[2012 ACF Fall]]}}
  
 
[[Category:Original QBWiki Page]]
 
[[Category:Original QBWiki Page]]
 
[[Category: Quizbowl basics]]
 
[[Category: Quizbowl basics]]
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[[Category: Quizbowl concepts]]

Latest revision as of 09:33, 6 January 2022

The Rules of the Game

A tossup (or toss-up) is a question, usually containing several sentences, that is read out loud for both teams to attempt to answer. During a game, any player who believes they know the answer to a tossup can use their buzzer to interrupt the question and deliver an answer in an attempt to score points for their team. Tossup questions are the staple of gameplay for virtually all contemporary quizbowl.

"Good quizbowl" advocates for tossups in pyramidal style, in which a question begins with more in-depth knowledge about the answer and progresses towards easier clues, the intent being that more knowledgeable teams should answer before less knowledgeable teams.

In Britain, tossups may be called "starters."

Rules

Correctly-answered tossups are usually worth 10 points, though some tournaments allow for powers, in which an increased number of points, usually 15, is rewarded for a correct answer being given early in a tossup. When a player negs, or gives an incorrect answer before the tossup's end, their team cannot attempt to answer the question again and, under some rules, loses points.

Players have a finite amount of time after buzzing to provide an answer. In ACF, PACE, and NHBB gameplay rules, players have five seconds to begin their answer, while under NAQT rules, players have only two seconds. Additionally, if nobody buzzes in within five seconds (under ACF and PACE rules) or three seconds (under NAQT rules) of the end of a tossup, it is considered "dead," and the next tossup is read instead of proceeding to a bonus.

Components of a tossup

The question is broadly divided into its text, consisting of a number of clues arranged in order of descending difficulty, and its answerline, which specifies the correct answers and prompts.

The text

The term "line" is used to describe either:

  1. an individual clue (which, in turn, can mean either an individual fact or a sentence)
  2. a sentence of the question
  3. a line of text as it appears in the packet or the reading software used

Every line embeds a pronoun specifying what is being asked for (e.g. "this person", "this country"). At an earlier point in quiz bowl's history, questions would frequently use vague pronouns like "this" or omit them entirely - these practices have been phased out and pronoun use is much more consistent.

Identification of specific lines during discussions, in particular the first line (or lead-in), have ambiguity due to the different things it could refer to. It is not uncommon for individual sentences to span multiple lines of text and contain multiple clues; conversely, it is possible for multiple sentences to exist on a single line of text. Answering a question very early is colloquially referred to as first lining the question - in practice, the player has no way to actually know if there had only been one sentence read, let alone how long the text of that sentence appeared on the page. This misalignment in definition doesn't actually matter though, considering the phrase's primary use for bragging purposes.

A tossup may contain a powermark to specify which portions of the question reward a player with additional points (a power). Text before the powermark is normally bolded to emphasize that the portion is "in power". The most common powermark is an asterisk in parentheses.

Tournaments typically specific a range of lengths to expect from their questions defined in terms of either lines of text on the page or character count.

The answerline

See also: answerline

The answerline contains the list of acceptable answers for a question and are more or less identical in form between tossups and bonuses.

Example tossup

Nicolas Poussin painted this figure being helped by a faun onto a goat while looking at a putto attacking a young satyr. Four paintings also by Poussin depict this figure presenting weapons forged by Vulcan to her son. Jacques-Louis David’s last painting shows this figure disarming Mars. Two paintings by Rubens depict this figure gazing into a mirror held by another son who has wings. Titian made a depiction of this goddess reclining on a couch in a painting commissioned by the Duke of Urbino. Botticelli painted the birth and arrival on a seashell of, for 10 points, what figure, the Roman goddess of love?

ANSWER: Venus [do not accept “Aphrodite”]

(from 2012 ACF Fall)

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